Are firms as liquid as they appear in annual reports?

IF 3.2 3区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Contemporary Accounting Research Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI:10.1111/1911-3846.12929
Abdul-Rahman Khokhar, Jiaping Qiu, Mohammad M. Rahaman
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Abstract

Fiscal-year-end cash holdings are an important indicator in external stakeholders' assessment of a firm's liquidity and credit risk. Do fiscal-year-end cash holdings reflect a firm's intra-year liquidity conditions? We observe that firms report significantly higher cash holdings in the fourth fiscal quarter, followed by a subsequent reversal. This pattern is pervasive across industries, persistent over time, and not explained by conventional factors or calendar effects. The extent of the fourth-quarter cash increase is more pronounced for informationally opaque firms reliant on external markets and those with financial constraints and reduced monitoring. We investigate firms' real, financing, and timing activities that could potentially account for this pattern. Our study suggests that a complete picture of intra-year cash holdings dynamics is necessary for external stakeholders to fully assess a firm's liquidity and credit conditions.

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公司的流动性是否与年度报告中显示的一样?
财政年度末的现金持有量是外部利益相关者评估公司流动性和信用风险的一个重要指标。财政年度末的现金持有量是否反映了企业年中的流动性状况?我们发现,企业在第四财政季度的现金持有量明显较高,随后又出现逆转。这种模式在各行各业都普遍存在,而且长期持续,无法用常规因素或日历效应来解释。对于依赖外部市场的信息不透明企业,以及那些存在财务限制和监控减少的企业来说,第四季度现金增加的程度更为明显。我们对企业的实际活动、融资活动和时机活动进行了调查,这些活动可能是造成这种模式的原因。我们的研究表明,外部利益相关者要想全面评估企业的流动性和信贷状况,就必须全面了解年内现金持有动态。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
11.10%
发文量
97
期刊介绍: Contemporary Accounting Research (CAR) is the premiere research journal of the Canadian Academic Accounting Association, which publishes leading- edge research that contributes to our understanding of all aspects of accounting"s role within organizations, markets or society. Canadian based, increasingly global in scope, CAR seeks to reflect the geographical and intellectual diversity in accounting research. To accomplish this, CAR will continue to publish in its traditional areas of excellence, while seeking to more fully represent other research streams in its pages, so as to continue and expand its tradition of excellence.
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