Mechanisms and Site Requirements for NO and NH3 oxidation on Cu/SSZ-13

IF 20.2 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Applied Catalysis B: Environmental Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI:10.1016/j.apcatb.2024.123726
Yilin Wang, Runze Zhao, Kenneth G. Rappé, Yong Wang, Fanglin Che, Feng Gao
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Abstract

Two series of Cu/SSZ-13 catalysts were synthesized via aqueous solution and solid-state ion exchange using SSZ-13 supports of varying Si/Al ratios. The isolated and multinuclear Cu content of these catalysts were determined by H2 temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR). Multinuclear Cu in these catalysts, including in situ Cu-dimers formed from ZCuIIOH coupling and permanent CuO clusters, are active species for dry NO oxidation. NH3 oxidation on these catalysts follows an internal SCR (i-SCR) mechanism, i.e., a portion of NH3 is first oxidized to NO, then NO is selectively reduced by the remaining NH3 to N2. NH3 oxidation displays distinct kinetic behavior below ~300 °C and above ~400 °C. At low temperature the results indicate that NH3-solvated mobile Cu-ions are the active centers. CuO clusters, when present, also contribute to the low temperature activity by catalyzing NH3 oxidation to NO. At high temperature, in situ Cu-dimers and CuO clusters catalyze NH3 oxidation to NO, and isolated Cu-ions catalyze SCR to realize the cascade turnovers. For both NO and NH3 oxidation, Cu-dimers balanced by framework charges of close proximity appear to be more active than Cu-dimers balanced by distant framework charges. However, the former Cu-dimers are less stable than the latter and tend to split into monomers in the presence of vicinal Brønsted acid sites. Via density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the i-SCR mechanism for low temperature NH3 oxidation, i.e., the energetic favorability for the involvement of the NO intermediate, is justified. The DFT results also agree with experimental data that the formation of Cu-dimers from ZCuIIOH dimerization is essential for NH3 oxidation at high temperature.

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Cu/SSZ-13 上氧化 NO 和 NH3 的机理和场地要求
利用不同硅/铝比例的 SSZ-13 载体,通过水溶液和固态离子交换合成了两个系列的 Cu/SSZ-13 催化剂。通过 H2 温度编程还原 (H2-TPR) 测定了这些催化剂中的分离铜和多核铜含量。这些催化剂中的多核 Cu(包括 ZCuIIOH 偶联形成的原位 Cu 二聚体和永久性 CuO 团簇)是干 NO 氧化的活性物种。这些催化剂上的 NH3 氧化遵循内部 SCR(i-SCR)机制,即一部分 NH3 首先被氧化成 NO,然后 NO 被剩余的 NH3 选择性地还原成 N2。NH3 氧化在 ~300 °C 以下和 ~400 °C 以上显示出不同的动力学行为。结果表明,在低温下,NH3 溶解的流动 Cu 离子是活性中心。如果存在 CuO 团簇,它们也会催化 NH3 氧化为 NO,从而提高低温活性。在高温下,原位 Cu 二聚体和 CuO 簇催化 NH3 氧化为 NO,而孤立的 Cu 离子则催化 SCR,实现级联转化。在氧化 NO 和 NH3 的过程中,由较近的框架电荷平衡的 Cu 二聚体似乎比由较远的框架电荷平衡的 Cu 二聚体更活跃。不过,前者的稳定性不如后者,在存在邻接的布氏酸位点时往往会分裂成单体。通过密度泛函理论(DFT)计算,证明了低温 NH3 氧化的 i-SCR 机理,即 NO 中间体参与的能量优势。DFT 结果还与实验数据一致,即 ZCuIIOH 二聚化形成的 Cu 二聚体对于高温下的 NH3 氧化至关重要。
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来源期刊
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 环境科学-工程:化工
CiteScore
38.60
自引率
6.30%
发文量
1117
审稿时长
24 days
期刊介绍: Applied Catalysis B: Environment and Energy (formerly Applied Catalysis B: Environmental) is a journal that focuses on the transition towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources. The journal's publications cover a wide range of topics, including: 1.Catalytic elimination of environmental pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur compounds, chlorinated and other organic compounds, and soot emitted from stationary or mobile sources. 2.Basic understanding of catalysts used in environmental pollution abatement, particularly in industrial processes. 3.All aspects of preparation, characterization, activation, deactivation, and regeneration of novel and commercially applicable environmental catalysts. 4.New catalytic routes and processes for the production of clean energy, such as hydrogen generation via catalytic fuel processing, and new catalysts and electrocatalysts for fuel cells. 5.Catalytic reactions that convert wastes into useful products. 6.Clean manufacturing techniques that replace toxic chemicals with environmentally friendly catalysts. 7.Scientific aspects of photocatalytic processes and a basic understanding of photocatalysts as applied to environmental problems. 8.New catalytic combustion technologies and catalysts. 9.New catalytic non-enzymatic transformations of biomass components. The journal is abstracted and indexed in API Abstracts, Research Alert, Chemical Abstracts, Web of Science, Theoretical Chemical Engineering Abstracts, Engineering, Technology & Applied Sciences, and others.
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