Trends in the prevalence of gestational diabetes in Catalonia from 2010 to 2019

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Primary Care Diabetes Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.pcd.2023.12.007

Berta Soldevila , Lourdes Alarcón , Bogdan Vlacho , Jordi Real , Marta Hernández , Xavier Cos , Josep Franch-Nadal , Dídac Mauricio

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Abstract

Introduction

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is globally increasing due to changes in risk factors such as gestational age, obesity, and socioeconomic status (SES). This study examined trends of GDM prevalence over ten years using a real-world Primary Health Care database from Catalonia (Spain). Methods: A retrospective analysis of pregnant women screened for GDM was conducted, using clinical and SES data from the SIDIAP database. Results: Among 221,806 women studied from 2010 to 2019,17,587 had GDM, equating to a 7.9% prevalence (95% CI 7.8–8.04). GDM subjects were older (33.5 ± 5.1 vs. 31.2 ± 5.6 years; p < 0.001) and had higher BMI (29.2 ± 5.1 vs .27.8 ± 4.8 kg/m²; p < 0.001) than non-GDM individuals. Overall GDM prevalence remained unchanged throughout the study, although an increase was observed in younger women (below 20 years: 1.28% [95% CI 0.59–2.42] in 2010 to 2.22% [95% CI 0.96–4.33] in 2019, p = 0.02; ages 20–25.9 years: 3.62% [95% CI 3.12–4.17] in 2010 to 4.63% [95% CI 3.88–5.48)] in 2019, p = 0.02). Age, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, deprived SES, and previous hypertension and dyslipidaemia were positively associated with GDM.

Conclusions

This study offers insights into GDM prevalence in Catalonia (Spain),showing overall stability except for a rising trend among younger women.

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2010 年至 2019 年加泰罗尼亚地区妊娠糖尿病发病率的变化趋势

导言：由于妊娠年龄、肥胖和社会经济地位（SES）等风险因素的变化，妊娠糖尿病（GDM）在全球范围内呈上升趋势。本研究利用加泰罗尼亚（西班牙）的真实初级卫生保健数据库，研究了十年来 GDM 患病率的变化趋势。研究方法利用 SIDIAP 数据库中的临床和社会经济地位数据，对筛查出 GDM 的孕妇进行回顾性分析。结果在 2010 年至 2019 年接受研究的 221 806 名妇女中，17 587 人患有 GDM，患病率为 7.9%（95% CI 7.8-8.04）。与非 GDM 患者相比，GDM 患者年龄更大（33.5 ± 5.1 岁 vs. 31.2 ± 5.6 岁；p < 0.001），体重指数更高（29.2 ± 5.1 vs .27.8 ± 4.8 kg/m²；p < 0.001）。在整个研究过程中，GDM 的总体患病率保持不变，但年轻女性的患病率有所上升（20 岁以下：1.28% [95 C：2010年为1.28% [95% CI 0.59-2.42]，2019年为2.22% [95% CI 0.96-4.33]，p = 0.02；20-25.9岁：2010年为3.62%[95% CI 3.12-4.17]，2019年为4.63%[95% CI 3.88-5.48)]，p = 0.02）。年龄、体重指数（BMI）≥ 25 kg/m2、社会经济地位低下、既往高血压和血脂异常与 GDM 呈正相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Primary Care Diabetes ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.40%

发文量

134

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： The journal publishes original research articles and high quality reviews in the fields of clinical care, diabetes education, nutrition, health services, psychosocial research and epidemiology and other areas as far as is relevant for diabetology in a primary-care setting. The purpose of the journal is to encourage interdisciplinary research and discussion between all those who are involved in primary diabetes care on an international level. The Journal also publishes news and articles concerning the policies and activities of Primary Care Diabetes Europe and reflects the society''s aim of improving the care for people with diabetes mellitus within the primary-care setting.