Numerical Investigation of Cyclone Separators: Physical Mechanisms and Theoretical Algorithms

Abstract

Gas-particle aero-type cyclones have revolutionized biochemical processes, engineering industries, and environmental pollution protection by effectively separating particles from gas. These devices rely on gravitational energy and centrifugal force to dissipate particle phase energy, but achieving optimal energy efficiency while minimizing pressure drop remains challenging. This has led to the development of various cyclone designs in commercial industries, each with unique energy efficiency characteristics. The intricate gas-particle flow inside cyclones is a critical issue impacted by cyclone geometry, operating conditions, and media parameters. Advanced numerical simulations have been employed to understand this complex flow pattern better, offering researchers valuable insights into the mechanisms of different cyclone separators. This comprehensive review explores the available numerical methods in the literature on cyclones and their corresponding validations. Computational numerical modeling is a promising technique for predicting cyclone energy efficiency, gas-particle behavior, and overall performance. This investigation delves into the progress and numerical forms of gas-particle flow cyclones, examining how different parameters impact cyclone performance and flow patterns within the two-phase flow. The future developments and challenges that may further promote the development of aero-type cyclone separators, providing theory and engineering support for future cyclone designs, are also covered. As a result, it can confidently be reported that aero-type cyclone separators remain a critical component in various industrial sectors, offering energy-efficient solutions for mitigating environmental pollutants and gas-particle separation systems. With continued development and research, these devices will undoubtedly shape the future of energy processes and engineering industries, ushering in a new era of sustainability and efficiency.