Unraveling the Complexities of Second Language Lexical Stress Processing: The Impact of First Language Transfer, Second Language Proficiency, and Exposure

IF 3.5 1区 文学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Language Learning Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI:10.1111/lang.12627
Nuria Sagarra, Laura Fernández-Arroyo, Cristina Lozano-Argüelles, Joseph V. Casillas
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Abstract

We investigated the role of cue weighting, second language (L2) proficiency, and L2 daily exposure in L2 learning of suprasegmentals different from the first language (L1), using eye-tracking. Spanish monolinguals, English–Spanish learners, and Mandarin–Spanish learners saw a paroxytone and an oxytone verb (e.g., FIRma–firMÓ “s/he signssigned”), listened to a sentence containing one of the verbs, and chose the one that they heard. The three languages have contrastive lexical stress, but suprasegmentals have a greater functional load in Mandarin than in English. Monolinguals predicted suffixes accurately with both stress conditions and favored oxytones, but learners predicted suffixes accurately only with oxytones, the condition activating fewer lexical competitors. Monolinguals predicted suffixes accurately sooner but at a slower rate than did learners. L2 proficiency, but not L1 or L2 exposure, facilitated L2 predictions. In conclusion, learners of a contrastive-stress L1 rely on L2 suprasegmentals to the same extent as monolinguals, regardless of their L1. Lower L2 proficiency and higher cognitive load (more lexical competitors) reduce learners’ reliance on suprasegmentals.

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揭示第二语言词汇重音加工的复杂性:第一语言迁移、第二语言能力和接触的影响
我们使用眼动跟踪法研究了线索权重、第二语言(L2)熟练程度和 L2 日常接触在 L2 学习与第一语言(L1)不同的超语段时所起的作用。西班牙语单语学习者、英语-西班牙语学习者和普通话-西班牙语学习者看到了一个副音动词和一个氧音动词(例如,FIRma-firMÓ "s/he signs-sign"),聆听了包含其中一个动词的句子,并选择了他们听到的那个动词。这三种语言的词汇重音具有对比性,但普通话中的超音段比英语中的功能负荷更大。单语学习者在两种重音条件下都能准确预测后缀,并偏爱氧音,但学习者只在氧音条件下准确预测后缀,因为氧音条件激活的词汇竞争者较少。与学习者相比,单语学习者更早准确预测出后缀,但预测速度较慢。L2 熟练程度(而非 L1 或 L2 接触)促进了 L2 预测。总之,对比压力 L1 学习者对 L2 超语段的依赖程度与单语学习者相同,与他们的 L1 无关。较低的 L2 熟练程度和较高的认知负荷(更多的词汇竞争者)会降低学习者对超片段的依赖。
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来源期刊
Language Learning
Language Learning Multiple-
CiteScore
9.10
自引率
15.90%
发文量
65
期刊介绍: Language Learning is a scientific journal dedicated to the understanding of language learning broadly defined. It publishes research articles that systematically apply methods of inquiry from disciplines including psychology, linguistics, cognitive science, educational inquiry, neuroscience, ethnography, sociolinguistics, sociology, and anthropology. It is concerned with fundamental theoretical issues in language learning such as child, second, and foreign language acquisition, language education, bilingualism, literacy, language representation in mind and brain, culture, cognition, pragmatics, and intergroup relations. A subscription includes one or two annual supplements, alternating among a volume from the Language Learning Cognitive Neuroscience Series, the Currents in Language Learning Series or the Language Learning Special Issue Series.
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