EPMA analysis of a stalagmite from Küpeli Cave, southern Turkey: implications on detrital sediments

IF 1.1 4区地球科学 Q3 GEOLOGY Carbonates and Evaporites Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI:10.1007/s13146-023-00915-4

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Abstract

In this study, the chemical composition of calcite crystals and pore-filling sediments in a stalagmite from Küpeli Cave was investigated for the first time using the electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). It was supplemented by petrographic, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses to improve understanding of EPMA findings. The EPMA results show that the stalagmite consists mainly of pure calcite crystals with a CaO composition of 56 ± 1 wt%. These crystals are the primary components of both sparite calcite mosaic and dendritic microfabrics. Calcite crystals in the dendritic microfabric appear as long fiber-like crystals surrounding calcite needles extending in two directions and cement filling the pores between these crystals. Internal sediments are also abundant in the pores of the dendritic microfabric and contain components such as Al₂O₃, SiO₂, K₂O, FeO, and CaO. The XRD analyses show that the pore-filling sediments consist mainly of calcite, smectite, quartz, chlorite, and feldspar. The abundance of siliceous constituents in the internal sediment, together with the stalagmite position within the conduit, indicate that the clastic sediments in the pores were deposited primarily by floods. However, it is thought that some clastic carbonates in the pores may have been transported by water dripping from the epikarst region.

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对土耳其南部 Küpeli 洞穴石笋的 EPMA 分析：对碎屑沉积物的影响

摘要本研究首次采用电子探针显微分析法（EPMA）研究了库佩利洞石笋中方解石晶体和孔隙填充沉积物的化学成分。此外，还辅以岩相学、X 射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDX）分析，以加深对 EPMA 分析结果的理解。EPMA 分析结果表明，石笋主要由纯方解石晶体组成，其氧化钙含量为 56 ± 1 wt%。这些晶体是镶嵌方解石和树枝状微织物的主要成分。树枝状微织物中的方解石晶体呈长纤维状，围绕着方解石针状晶体向两个方向延伸，这些晶体之间的孔隙中充满了胶结物。树枝状微织物的孔隙中还含有大量内部沉积物，其中包含 Al2O3、SiO2、K2O、FeO 和 CaO 等成分。XRD 分析表明，孔隙填充沉积物主要由方解石、镜铁矿、石英、绿泥石和长石组成。内部沉积物中丰富的硅质成分以及导管内的石笋位置表明，孔隙中的碎屑沉积物主要由洪水沉积而成。不过，也有人认为，孔隙中的一些碎屑碳酸盐可能是由表喀斯特地区的滴水搬运而来的。

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来源期刊

Carbonates and Evaporites 地学-地质学

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

14.30%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Established in 1979, the international journal Carbonates and Evaporites provides a forum for the exchange of concepts, research and applications on all aspects of carbonate and evaporite geology. This includes the origin and stratigraphy of carbonate and evaporite rocks and issues unique to these rock types: weathering phenomena, notably karst; engineering and environmental issues; mining and minerals extraction; and caves and permeability. The journal publishes current information in the form of original peer-reviewed articles, invited papers, and reports from meetings, editorials, and book and software reviews. The target audience includes professional geologists, hydrogeologists, engineers, geochemists, and other researchers, libraries, and educational centers.