{"title":"Insights into membrane lipids modification in barley leaves as an adaptation mechanism to cold stress","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s10725-023-01114-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The membranes of plants are where temperature sensing begins and where freezing injury typically occurs. Barley’s adaptation to and survival after freezing stress is aided by remodelling of its membrane lipid composition. The modifications of individual lipid molecular species in different stress-treated plant species and cultivars can indicate the functions of genes regulating lipid metabolism or signaling. In this study, we employed a membrane lipidomic approach to investigate the response of barley of two cold-tolerant and two cold-sensitive cultivars to freezing temperatures during the barley trefoil stage. A total of 56 predominant lipid compounds changed significantly under freezing stress were identified. Phosphatidic acid (PA), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) in freezing-tolerant varieties were significantly upregulated under freezing stress, while there was a decrease in freezing-sensitive cultivars. Freezing-tolerant varieties experienced greater changes in lipid composition compared to freezing-sensitive cultivars, which had proportionally smaller changes. In addition, when exposed to short-term cold stress, varieties A and B had lower levels of monoglyceride lipase (MGLL) than varieties C and D. However, under long-term cold stress, the opposite was observed. Additionally, the freezing-tolerant variety A showed a notable increase in the expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) after being exposed to 4 °C. Furthermore, SENSITIVE TO FREEZING 2 (<em>SFR2</em>) reached its highest level in all four varieties after being exposed to cold treatment for 48 h. This study indicates that freezing injury in barley leaves is correlated with extensive changes in lipid metabolism and that freezing-tolerant varieties can alleviate freezing injury by membrane lipid remodelling. The study’s outcomes may improve our understanding of barley’s freezing adaptation mechanisms and contribute to breeding for better tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20412,"journal":{"name":"Plant Growth Regulation","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant Growth Regulation","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-023-01114-w","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
The membranes of plants are where temperature sensing begins and where freezing injury typically occurs. Barley’s adaptation to and survival after freezing stress is aided by remodelling of its membrane lipid composition. The modifications of individual lipid molecular species in different stress-treated plant species and cultivars can indicate the functions of genes regulating lipid metabolism or signaling. In this study, we employed a membrane lipidomic approach to investigate the response of barley of two cold-tolerant and two cold-sensitive cultivars to freezing temperatures during the barley trefoil stage. A total of 56 predominant lipid compounds changed significantly under freezing stress were identified. Phosphatidic acid (PA), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) in freezing-tolerant varieties were significantly upregulated under freezing stress, while there was a decrease in freezing-sensitive cultivars. Freezing-tolerant varieties experienced greater changes in lipid composition compared to freezing-sensitive cultivars, which had proportionally smaller changes. In addition, when exposed to short-term cold stress, varieties A and B had lower levels of monoglyceride lipase (MGLL) than varieties C and D. However, under long-term cold stress, the opposite was observed. Additionally, the freezing-tolerant variety A showed a notable increase in the expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) after being exposed to 4 °C. Furthermore, SENSITIVE TO FREEZING 2 (SFR2) reached its highest level in all four varieties after being exposed to cold treatment for 48 h. This study indicates that freezing injury in barley leaves is correlated with extensive changes in lipid metabolism and that freezing-tolerant varieties can alleviate freezing injury by membrane lipid remodelling. The study’s outcomes may improve our understanding of barley’s freezing adaptation mechanisms and contribute to breeding for better tolerance.
摘要 植物的膜是温度感应的起始点，也是通常发生冻害的地方。大麦对冷冻胁迫的适应和存活得益于其膜脂组成的重塑。不同胁迫处理的植物物种和栽培品种中单个脂质分子种类的变化可显示调控脂质代谢或信号转导的基因的功能。在本研究中，我们采用膜脂组学方法研究了大麦两个耐寒品种和两个冷敏感品种在大麦三叶期对低温的反应。共鉴定出 56 种在冷冻胁迫下发生显著变化的主要脂质化合物。耐寒品种的磷脂酸（PA）、溶血磷脂酸（LPA）和单半乳糖二酰甘油（MGDG）在冷冻胁迫下明显上调，而对冷冻敏感的品种则有所下降。与冷冻敏感品种相比，耐冻品种的脂质组成变化更大，而冷冻敏感品种的变化比例较小。此外，在短期冷胁迫下，品种 A 和 B 的单甘油酯脂肪酶（MGLL）水平低于品种 C 和 D。此外，耐寒品种 A 在暴露于 4 °C 后，二酰甘油酰基转移酶 1（DGAT1）的表达量明显增加。该研究表明，大麦叶片的冻伤与脂质代谢的广泛变化有关，耐冻品种可通过膜脂重塑缓解冻伤。这项研究的结果可能会加深我们对大麦冷冻适应机制的了解，并有助于培育更耐寒的品种。
期刊介绍：
Plant Growth Regulation is an international journal publishing original articles on all aspects of plant growth and development. We welcome manuscripts reporting question-based research using hormonal, physiological, environmental, genetical, biophysical, developmental or molecular approaches to the study of plant growth regulation.
Emphasis is placed on papers presenting the results of original research. Occasional reviews on important topics will also be welcome. All contributions must be in English.
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