Association Between Socioeconomic Position and Depression, Anxiety and Eating Disorders in University Students: A Systematic Review

IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Adolescent Research Review Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI:10.1007/s40894-023-00230-y
Scarlett Mac-Ginty, Daniela Lira, Ignacio Lillo, Esteban Moraga, Cesar Cáceres, Ricardo Araya, Matthew Prina
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Abstract

The high prevalence of mental disorders in university students emphasizes the need to explore contributing factors. While socioeconomic position affects mental health in the general population, it is crucial to investigate if the same applies to university students. MEDLINE-Ovid, Embase-Ovid and PsycINFO databases were searched. All original peer-reviewed observational studies quantifying the association between socioeconomic position and depression, anxiety or eating disorders were included without language or date restrictions. After initial screening, eligible studies were selected, data was extracted using a spreadsheet, and their quality was assessed with the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. The results were synthesized narratively. Seventy-eight of 20,465 records identified were included. Most studies were published in English and originated from high and upper-middle-income countries. The most common socioeconomic indicators were family socioeconomic status/class, financial stress, and parental education. Most studies found a positive association between socioeconomic indicators and depressive and anxiety symptoms, but not eating disorders. The quality of the studies was mixed, with a small proportion using validated measurement tools and appropriate sample sizes. This study highlights the importance of measuring socioeconomic position accurately and applying new methods that can reveal the causal pathways and interactions of multiple identities that shape mental health disparities for the university student population.

Preregistration A protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022247394).

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大学生的社会经济地位与抑郁、焦虑和饮食失调之间的关系:系统回顾
大学生精神障碍的高发率强调了探究其诱因的必要性。虽然社会经济地位会影响普通人群的心理健康,但调查大学生是否也受到同样的影响至关重要。研究人员检索了 MEDLINE-Ovid、Embase-Ovid 和 PsycINFO 数据库。所有量化社会经济地位与抑郁症、焦虑症或饮食失调之间关系的原始同行评审观察性研究均被纳入,无语言或日期限制。经过初步筛选,选出符合条件的研究,使用电子表格提取数据,并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表对其质量进行评估。研究结果以叙述的方式进行了综合。在 20,465 条记录中,有 78 条被收录。大部分研究均以英语发表,来自高收入和中上收入国家。最常见的社会经济指标是家庭社会经济地位/阶层、经济压力和父母教育程度。大多数研究发现,社会经济指标与抑郁症状和焦虑症状呈正相关,但与饮食失调无关。这些研究的质量参差不齐,只有一小部分使用了经过验证的测量工具和适当的样本量。本研究强调了准确测量社会经济地位和应用新方法的重要性,这些方法可以揭示形成大学生群体心理健康差异的多种身份的因果途径和相互作用。
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来源期刊
Adolescent Research Review
Adolescent Research Review PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
10.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
期刊介绍: Adolescent Research Review publishes articles that review important contributions to the understanding of adolescence.  The Review draws from the many subdisciplines of developmental science, psychological science, education, criminology, public health, medicine, social work, and other allied disciplines that address the subject of youth and adolescence. The editors are especially interested in articles that bridge gaps between disciplines or that focus on topics that transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries.  Reviews must be cutting edge and comprehensive in the way they advance science, practice or policy relating to adolescents.
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