[Scientific training of competition swimmers: contribution of lactic acid level].

R La Harpe, A Rostan, P Di Prampero, P Cerretelli
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Abstract

This study tries to find a way of improving the effectiveness of the training schedule for swimmers. We regularly measured the level of blood lactate during training in order to estimate as precisely as possible the anaerobic threshold in swimming. As is already known sportsmen improve more rapidly their physical capacity (especially endurance) when they swim at a threshold speed corresponding to 4 Mmol of lactate. We used the following parameters: blood lactate concentration in relation to swimming time, and blood lactate accumulation in relation to covered distance for successive days of training at the same swimming speed. These two complementary procedures allowed us to follow the state of training of each athlete using simple graphs and to better advise him so that he may attain his threshold swimming speed. We have often noticed an improvement of the physical condition: either as an increase in swimming speed for the same accumulation of lactate, or as a decrease in the level of blood lactate for a same swimming speed. Measurements of blood lactate accumulation in relation to covered distance, on the condition that the speeds are more or less the same, allow a more precise estimate of the athletes' performances.

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竞技游泳运动员的科学训练:乳酸水平的贡献。
本研究试图寻找一种提高游泳运动员训练计划有效性的方法。我们在训练期间定期测量血乳酸水平,以便尽可能准确地估计游泳时的无氧阈值。众所周知,当运动员以相当于4毫摩尔乳酸的阈值速度游泳时,他们的体能(尤其是耐力)提高得更快。我们使用以下参数:血乳酸浓度与游泳时间的关系,血乳酸积累与相同游泳速度下连续训练天数的覆盖距离的关系。这两个互补的程序使我们能够用简单的图表跟踪每个运动员的训练状态,并更好地建议他,使他能够达到他的极限游泳速度。我们经常注意到身体状况的改善:要么是在相同的乳酸积累下游泳速度的增加,要么是在相同的游泳速度下血液乳酸水平的降低。在速度大致相同的条件下,测量血乳酸积累与覆盖距离的关系,可以更精确地估计运动员的表现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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