Neuropsychological profiles of adolescents sentenced to detention in Western Australia with and without prenatal alcohol exposure

IF 1.1 4区医学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI:10.1002/cbm.2329

Jed Kerry, Grace Kuen Yee Tan, Kirsten R. Panton, Raewyn Mutch, Jacinta Freeman, Hayley Passmore, Carmela F. Pestell

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Abstract

Background/Aims

Youth with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are under-recognised in the justice system, warranting improved identification. This study aimed to compare neuropsychological profiles of adolescents, with and without PAE and identify neuropsychological tasks predictive of PAE-group membership. It was hypothesised that participants with PAE would score significantly lower on neuropsychological tests.

Methods

Participants included 85 young people sentenced to detention (mean 15.7 years, 78 males), 46 with PAE. A one-way-multivariate analysis of variance tested differences in neuropsychological functioning between PAE/No-PAE groups, while logistic regression determined tests predictive of PAE.

Results

No statistically significant difference in test scores emerged between groups, and regression was not indicative of any models predictive of PAE-group membership. Neuropsychological profiles were characterised by both strengths and weaknesses, with lower verbal and mathematical skills.

Conclusion(s)

While no statistically significant differences were found between the groups, the results provided a unique insight into the neurocognitive profile of Australian youth in detention. Routine screening assessments were recommended for young people sentenced to detention.

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西澳大利亚州被判处拘禁的青少年的神经心理学特征，有无产前酒精接触。

背景/目的：司法系统对产前酒精暴露（PAE）青少年的认识不足，因此需要提高识别能力。本研究旨在比较存在和不存在 PAE 的青少年的神经心理学特征，并确定可预测 PAE 群体成员的神经心理学任务。研究假设，患有 PAE 的参与者在神经心理学测试中的得分会明显较低：参与者包括 85 名被判处拘留的青少年（平均 15.7 岁，78 名男性），其中 46 名患有 PAE。单向多元方差分析测试了 PAE/No-PAE组之间神经心理功能的差异，而逻辑回归则确定了预测PAE的测试：结果：各组之间的测试得分没有明显的统计学差异，回归结果也没有显示任何可预测 PAE 组别成员的模型。神经心理学特征既有优点也有缺点，语言和数学能力较低：虽然各组之间没有发现明显的统计学差异，但研究结果为了解澳大利亚被拘留青少年的神经认知概况提供了独特的视角。建议对被判处拘留的青少年进行常规筛查评估。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Multiple-

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health – CBMH – aims to publish original material on any aspect of the relationship between mental state and criminal behaviour. Thus, we are interested in mental mechanisms associated with offending, regardless of whether the individual concerned has a mental disorder or not. We are interested in factors that influence such relationships, and particularly welcome studies about pathways into and out of crime. These will include studies of normal and abnormal development, of mental disorder and how that may lead to offending for a subgroup of sufferers, together with information about factors which mediate such a relationship.