Error processing in young adulthood: Age-related differences in electrophysiology and behavioral performance.

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI:10.1037/neu0000944
Martina Knežević
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Abstract

Objective: The error-related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe) are electrophysiological components of error processing that develop throughout adolescence and into adulthood. As young people in their early 20s make many important life decisions, the inability to monitor and adapt behavior appropriately may interfere with their personal goals, such as educational or professional achievements. The aim of this study was to investigate age-related differences in error processing across young adulthood.

Method: Using electroencephalography and the go/no-go task, we examined behavioral (error rates, reaction times, posterror slowing [PES]) and event-related potential (ERN, Pe) indexes of error processing. Ninety-five participants were divided into three age groups: Early 20s (ages 19-21), Mid 20s (ages 23-26), and Early 30s (ages 28-44).

Results: At the beginning of the 20s, young adults still make impetuous errors and do not show PES afterward, contrary to young adults in their early 30s. Larger ERN and smaller Pe amplitude in Early 30s suggest that adult-like error processing results in early enhancement of effortful stimulus control mechanism (ERN) and the reduction in later response evaluation process (Pe).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the response strategies, both behavioral and neurocognitive, which would assure stable performance resembling adult levels, may still not be reached in the early 20s. Well-timed interventions could help reduce the impact of these tendencies by introducing strategies that provide more efficient performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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青年期的错误处理:电生理学和行为表现中与年龄相关的差异
研究目的错误相关负性(ERN)和错误正性(Pe)是错误处理的电生理成分,在整个青春期和成年期都会出现。由于 20 岁出头的年轻人会做出许多重要的人生决定,如果不能适当地监控和调整行为,可能会影响他们的个人目标,如教育或职业成就。本研究旨在调查青年期错误处理方面与年龄相关的差异:我们使用脑电图和 "去/不去 "任务,研究了错误处理的行为(错误率、反应时间、错误后减速[PES])和事件相关电位(ERN、Pe)指标。95 名参与者被分为三个年龄组:结果显示:20 岁出头(19-21 岁)、20 岁中期(23-26 岁)和 30 岁出头(28-44 岁)的受试者都有不同程度的智力缺陷:结果:与 30 岁出头的年轻人相反,20 岁出头的年轻人仍然会犯急躁性错误,而且事后不会出现 PES。30岁出头的ERN幅度较大,Pe幅度较小,这表明类似成人的错误处理会导致早期努力刺激控制机制(ERN)的增强和后期反应评估过程(Pe)的减弱:我们的研究结果表明,行为和神经认知两方面的反应策略可以确保在 20 岁出头时获得类似成人水平的稳定表现。适时的干预措施可以通过引入更有效的表现策略来减少这些倾向的影响。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Neuropsychology
Neuropsychology 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
132
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Neuropsychology publishes original, empirical research; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; and theoretical articles on the relation between brain and human cognitive, emotional, and behavioral function.
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