Ecology and Chronic Wasting Disease Epidemiology Shape Prion Protein Gene Variation in Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni).

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Journal of Wildlife Diseases Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.7589/JWD-D-23-00062
Bruce R Hoar, Holly B Ernest, Laura N L Johnson, Melanie E F LaCava, Douglas J Sandidge, Ken Gerow, Michelle R Mousel, Nathan L Galloway, William Swain, Jennifer L Malmberg
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Abstract

As chronic wasting disease (CWD) continues to spread across North America, the relationship between CWD and host genetics has become of interest. In Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), one or two copies of a leucine allele at codon 132 of the prion protein gene (132L*) has been shown to prolong the incubation period of CWD. Our study examined the relationship between CWD epidemiology and codon 132 evolution in elk from Wyoming, USA, from 2011 to 2018. Using PCR and Sanger sequencing, we genotyped 997 elk and assessed the relationship between genotype and CWD prevalence estimated from surveillance data. Using logistic regression, we showed that each 1% increase in CWD prevalence is associated with a 9.6% increase in the odds that an elk would have at least one copy of leucine at codon 132. In some regions, however, 132L* variants were found in the absence of CWD, indicating that evolutionary and epidemiologic patterns can be heterogeneous across space and time. We also provide evidence that naturally occurring CWD is not rare in 132L* elk, which merits the study of shedding kinetics in 132L* elk and the influence of genotype on CWD strain diversity. The management implications of cervid adaptations to CWD are difficult to predict. Studies that investigate the degree to which evolutionary outcomes are shaped by host spatial structure can provide useful epidemiologic insight, which can in turn aid management by informing scale and extent of mitigation actions.

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落基山麋鹿(Cervus elaphus nelsoni)的生态学和慢性消耗性疾病流行病学塑造朊病毒蛋白基因变异。
随着慢性消耗性疾病(CWD)在北美的不断蔓延,CWD 与宿主遗传学之间的关系也引起了人们的关注。在落基山麋鹿(Cervus elaphus nelsoni)中,朊病毒蛋白基因密码子 132(132L*)上的一个或两个亮氨酸等位基因拷贝已被证明可延长 CWD 的潜伏期。我们的研究考察了2011年至2018年美国怀俄明州麋鹿中CWD流行病学与132密码子进化之间的关系。利用 PCR 和 Sanger 测序,我们对 997 只麋鹿进行了基因分型,并评估了基因型与根据监测数据估计的 CWD 流行率之间的关系。通过使用逻辑回归,我们发现 CWD 流行率每增加 1%,麋鹿在密码子 132 处至少有一个亮氨酸拷贝的几率就会增加 9.6%。然而,在某些地区,132L* 变体在没有 CWD 的情况下也会被发现,这表明进化和流行病学模式在不同的时间和空间可能是异质的。我们还提供证据表明,自然发生的 CWD 在 132L* 麋鹿中并不罕见,这值得研究 132L* 麋鹿的脱落动力学以及基因型对 CWD 株系多样性的影响。很难预测颈鹿对 CWD 的适应性对管理的影响。调查进化结果受宿主空间结构影响程度的研究可提供有用的流行病学见解,进而通过告知缓解行动的规模和程度来帮助管理。
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来源期刊
Journal of Wildlife Diseases
Journal of Wildlife Diseases 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
213
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The JWD publishes reports of wildlife disease investigations, research papers, brief research notes, case and epizootic reports, review articles, and book reviews. The JWD publishes the results of original research and observations dealing with all aspects of infectious, parasitic, toxic, nutritional, physiologic, developmental and neoplastic diseases, environmental contamination, and other factors impinging on the health and survival of free-living or occasionally captive populations of wild animals, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Papers on zoonoses involving wildlife and on chemical immobilization of wild animals are also published. Manuscripts dealing with surveys and case reports may be published in the Journal provided that they contain significant new information or have significance for better understanding health and disease in wild populations. Authors are encouraged to address the wildlife management implications of their studies, where appropriate.
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