Unraveling the role of δ-zeins in methionine bio-fortification of maize

IF 2.2 4区农林科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Cereal Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI:10.1002/cche.10762

Veena Devi, Mehak Sethi, Alla Singh, Dharam P. Chaudhary

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Abstract

Background and Objectives

Maize is a major ingredient of animal feed. However, its nutritional quality is poor due to the deficiency of essential amino acid methionine. The animal feed, prepared as a corn–legume mixture to balance the nutritional quality, remains deficient in methionine. Therefore, the bio-fortification of maize for methionine is the best option to make nutritionally balanced animal and poultry feed. The present study was designed to evaluate the profile of zeins and the expression profile of methionine-associated target genes in high- and low-methionine maize.

Findings

Results of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the 10-kDa zein was accumulated during kernel development, and its accumulation was higher in high methionine lines. Gene expression analysis through real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that higher expression of 10- and 18-kDa zeins is associated with higher methionine accumulation.

Conclusions

The above results indicate that 10- and 18-kDa genes are the potential targets for the methionine bio-fortification in maize, which is required for animal and poultry feed.

Significance and Novelty

The present study suggests that 10- and 18-kDa genes are the major source of methionine, and the regulation of these genes is crucial to enhancing the methionine content in maize. The results indicate that these genes are potential targets for genetic engineering in maize to enhance methionine accumulation.

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揭示δ-玉米蛋白在玉米蛋氨酸生物强化中的作用

玉米是动物饲料的主要成分。然而，由于缺乏必需氨基酸蛋氨酸，玉米的营养质量很差。为平衡营养质量而制作的玉米-豆类混合物动物饲料仍然缺乏蛋氨酸。因此，对玉米进行蛋氨酸生物强化是制作营养均衡的畜禽饲料的最佳选择。本研究旨在评估高蛋氨酸玉米和低蛋氨酸玉米中玉米蛋白的概况以及蛋氨酸相关靶基因的表达概况。

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来源期刊

Cereal Chemistry 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

8.30%

发文量

110

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Cereal Chemistry publishes high-quality papers reporting novel research and significant conceptual advances in genetics, biotechnology, composition, processing, and utilization of cereal grains (barley, maize, millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum, triticale, and wheat), pulses (beans, lentils, peas, etc.), oilseeds, and specialty crops (amaranth, flax, quinoa, etc.). Papers advancing grain science in relation to health, nutrition, pet and animal food, and safety, along with new methodologies, instrumentation, and analysis relating to these areas are welcome, as are research notes and topical review papers. The journal generally does not accept papers that focus on nongrain ingredients, technology of a commercial or proprietary nature, or that confirm previous research without extending knowledge. Papers that describe product development should include discussion of underlying theoretical principles.