Smoking is a Risk Factor for Autoimmune Hepatitis: An English Registry-Based Case–Control Study

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Clinical Epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI:10.2147/clep.s439219

Lisbet Grønbæk, Harmony Omeife, Lu Ban, Colin J Crooks, Timothy R Card, Peter Jepsen, Joe West

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Abstract

Purpose: Smoking is a risk factor for some autoimmune diseases, but its association with autoimmune hepatitis remains unknown. We conducted a population-based matched case–control study to examine the association between tobacco smoking and the risk of autoimmune hepatitis in England.
Patients and Methods: From the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and linked Hospital Episode Statistics, 2005– 2017, we included 987 cases diagnosed with autoimmune hepatitis after age 18 years and up to 10 frequency-matched population controls per case. We used multiple logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio of autoimmune hepatitis in ever-smokers vs never-smokers, adjusting for sex, age, general practice, calendar time of registration with the general practice, and socioeconomic status.
Results: The autoimmune hepatitis cases were more likely to be ever-smokers than the controls (44% vs 37%). The ever-smokers had an increased risk of autoimmune hepatitis compared with the never-smokers (adjusted odds ratio = 1.20, 95% confidence interval 1.03– 1.39).
Conclusion: Smoking was associated with an increased risk of autoimmune hepatitis.

Plain Language Summary: Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic liver disease associated with genetic variants and environmental exposures, but the causes of autoimmune hepatitis remain unknown. Using registry data, we evaluated the association between tobacco smoking and the risk for autoimmune hepatitis. We found that tobacco smoking was associated with an increased risk of autoimmune hepatitis.

Keywords: epidemiology, chronic hepatitis, risk factors, tobacco

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吸烟是自身免疫性肝炎的危险因素：一项基于英国登记处的病例对照研究

目的：吸烟是某些自身免疫性疾病的危险因素，但吸烟与自身免疫性肝炎的关系仍不清楚。我们在英格兰开展了一项基于人群的匹配病例对照研究，以探讨吸烟与自身免疫性肝炎风险之间的关系：我们从 2005 年至 2017 年的临床实践研究数据链（Clinical Practice Research Datalink）和相关的医院病例统计（Hospital Episode Statistics）中纳入了 987 例 18 岁以后诊断为自身免疫性肝炎的病例，以及每例病例最多 10 个频率匹配的人群对照。我们使用多元逻辑回归估算了曾经吸烟者与从不吸烟者患自身免疫性肝炎的几率比例，并对性别、年龄、全科医生、在全科医生处登记的日历时间和社会经济状况进行了调整：与对照组相比，自身免疫性肝炎病例更有可能是曾经吸烟者（44% 对 37%）。与从不吸烟者相比，曾经吸烟者患自身免疫性肝炎的风险更高（调整后的几率比=1.20，95% 置信区间为 1.03-1.39）：白话摘要：自身免疫性肝炎是一种与基因变异和环境暴露有关的慢性肝病，但自身免疫性肝炎的病因仍不清楚。我们利用登记数据评估了吸烟与自身免疫性肝炎风险之间的关系。关键词：流行病学、慢性肝炎、风险因素、烟草

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Epidemiology Medicine-Epidemiology

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

5.10%

发文量

169

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical Epidemiology is an international, peer reviewed, open access journal. Clinical Epidemiology focuses on the application of epidemiological principles and questions relating to patients and clinical care in terms of prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Clinical Epidemiology welcomes papers covering these topics in form of original research and systematic reviews. Clinical Epidemiology has a special interest in international electronic medical patient records and other routine health care data, especially as applied to safety of medical interventions, clinical utility of diagnostic procedures, understanding short- and long-term clinical course of diseases, clinical epidemiological and biostatistical methods, and systematic reviews. When considering submission of a paper utilizing publicly-available data, authors should ensure that such studies add significantly to the body of knowledge and that they use appropriate validated methods for identifying health outcomes. The journal has launched special series describing existing data sources for clinical epidemiology, international health care systems and validation studies of algorithms based on databases and registries.