The ameliorative role of magnetite nano gel against lead toxicity in Clarias gariepinus: growth, oxidant/antioxidant stress, gene expression, and histopathological alterations of gills

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Aquaculture International Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI:10.1007/s10499-024-01396-5

Abdallah Tageldein Mansour, Heba H. Mahboub, Tarek Khamis, Gehad E. Elshopakey, Morteza Yousefi, Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd, Sameh H. Ismail, Afaf N. Abdel Rahman

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Abstract

Nowadays, nanomaterials are strongly introduced in the aquaculture sector as antidotal agents. Therefore, the current study aims to test magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nano gel (MG) in relieving toxicity induced by lead (Pb) ions via assessment of stress condition, growth rate, oxidant/antioxidant activity in serum, and histopathological lesions in gill tissue, plus different gene expressions in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Fish (n = 160) were haphazardly allotted into four groups (40/group; 10 fish per replicate) for 45 days. The first (control) and second (MG) groups were treated with 0 and 1.2 mg/L MG. The third (lead) and fourth (lead + MG) groups were treated with 0 and 1.2 mg/L MG, respectively, with exposure to lead chloride (69.30 mg/L). Findings showed that the exposure to lead resulted in a substantial increase in stress biomarkers (glucose and cortisol), plus the oxidant indicator (malondialdehyde) and a clear decline in the antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and growth indices (final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate). Additionally, there were prominent histopathological lesions in gill tissues including detached gill filaments and inflammatory cell infiltrates. The expression of inflammatory genes [transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1), nuclear factor kappa beta 2 (NF-κβ2), interleukins (IL-1β and IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)] showed a marked up-regulation with a down-regulation of the antioxidant gene [superoxide dismutase (SOD1)]. Surprisingly, the aqueous addition of MG in the lead-exposed group dismissed the serum biochemical changes with enhancement in the gills’ histological architecture, growth rate, and the expression of genes. Based on these results, MG (1.2 mg/L) is an innovative application as a safe antidotal agent against lead toxicity to sustain C. gariepinus’ health in the aquatic system and ensure the consumers’ safety.

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磁铁矿纳米凝胶对石斑鱼铅毒性的改善作用：鳃的生长、氧化/抗氧化应激、基因表达和组织病理学改变

如今，纳米材料作为解毒剂被大力引入水产养殖领域。因此，本研究旨在通过评估非洲鲶鱼（Claras gariepinus）的应激状态、生长速度、血清中的氧化剂/抗氧化剂活性、鳃组织的组织病理学病变以及不同的基因表达，测试磁铁矿（Fe3O4）纳米凝胶（MG）在缓解铅（Pb）离子诱导的毒性方面的作用。将鱼（n = 160）随机分为四组（每组 40 条；每个重复 10 条），为期 45 天。第一组（对照组）和第二组（MG 组）分别使用 0 毫克/升和 1.2 毫克/升 MG 处理。第三组（铅）和第四组（铅 + MG）分别用 0 和 1.2 mg/L MG 处理，同时接触氯化铅（69.30 mg/L）。研究结果表明，接触铅会导致应激生物标志物（葡萄糖和皮质醇）以及氧化指标（丙二醛）大幅增加，抗氧化指标（超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶）和生长指数（最终体重、增重和特定生长率）明显下降。此外，鳃组织出现了明显的组织病理学病变，包括鳃丝脱落和炎性细胞浸润。炎症基因[转化生长因子 beta1（TGF-β1）、核因子 kappa beta 2（NF-κβ2）、白细胞介素（IL-1β 和 IL-8）以及肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）]的表达明显上调，而抗氧化基因[超氧化物歧化酶（SOD1）]则出现下调。令人惊讶的是，在铅暴露组中添加 MG 水溶液可消除血清生化变化，同时增强鳃的组织结构、生长速度和基因表达。基于这些结果，MG（1.2 mg/L）作为一种安全的抗铅毒性药剂是一种创新的应用，可维持加里鲈在水生系统中的健康，确保消费者的安全。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture International 农林科学-渔业

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

6.90%

发文量

204

审稿时长

1.0 months

期刊介绍： Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture. The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more. This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.