Contrast-induced acute kidney injury; possible ameliorative effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors

Abstract

Contrast-associated acute renal injury is a common complication that occurs after the administration of contrast media for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It is characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function within 48-72 hours after the administration of contrast media. The incidence of contrast-associated acute renal injury varies depending on the patient’s risk factors and the type and amount of contrast media used. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a group of antidiabetic drugs that inhibit the reabsorption of glucose in the nephrons, running to raise urinary glucose excretion and improve glycemic control. Recent studies have shown that SGLT2 inhibitors may have a protective effect against contrast-associated acute renal injury. Preventive measures for contrast-associated acute renal injury include hydration, minimizing contrast volume and rate of administration, and avoiding contrast in high-risk patients. The administration of SGLT2 inhibitors may also be a useful preventive measure in patients at risk for contrast-associated acute renal injury.