Ultra-processed Food and Obesity: What Is the Evidence?

IF 4.6 3区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI:10.1007/s13668-024-00517-z

Samuel J Dicken, Rachel L Batterham

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Abstract

Purpose of review: Obesity is a growing global healthcare concern. A proposed driver is the recent increase in ultra-processed food (UPF) intake. However, disagreement surrounds the concept of UPF, the strength of evidence, and suggested mechanisms. Therefore, this review aimed to critically appraise the evidence on UPF and obesity.

Recent findings: Observational studies demonstrate positive associations between UPF intake, weight gain, and overweight/obesity, more clearly in adults than children/adolescents. This is supported by high-quality clinical data. Several mechanisms are proposed, but current understanding is inconclusive. Greater UPF consumption has been a key driver of obesity. There is a need to change the obesogenic environment to support individuals to reduce their UPF intake. The UPF concept is a novel approach that is not explained with existing nutrient- and food-based frameworks. Critical analysis of methodologies provides confidence, but future observational and experimental research outputs with greater methodological rigor will strengthen findings, which are outlined.

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超加工食品与肥胖症：证据是什么？

审查目的：肥胖症是全球日益关注的健康问题。近来超加工食品（UPF）摄入量的增加是导致肥胖的一个原因。然而，关于超加工食品的概念、证据的强度和建议的机制存在分歧。因此，本综述旨在批判性地评估有关 UPF 与肥胖的证据：观察性研究表明，UPF摄入量、体重增加和超重/肥胖之间存在正相关关系，这一点在成人中比在儿童/青少年中更为明显。这一点得到了高质量临床数据的支持。提出了几种机制，但目前尚无定论。摄入更多的 UPF 是导致肥胖的关键因素。有必要改变导致肥胖的环境，以支持个人减少其 UPF 摄入量。UPF 概念是一种新颖的方法，无法用现有的营养素和食物框架来解释。对研究方法的批判性分析为我们提供了信心，但未来的观察性和实验性研究成果如果在方法上更加严谨，将会加强研究结果。

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来源期刊

Current Nutrition Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal aims to provide comprehensive review articles that emphasize significant developments in nutrition research emerging in recent publications. By presenting clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to discuss the influence of nutrition on major health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity, as well as the impact of nutrition on genetics, metabolic function, and public health. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 25 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, suggests topics of special importance to their country/region, and ensures that topics and current and include emerging research.