Individuals with high levels of autistic traits exhibit impaired cognitive but not affective theory of mind and empathy.

IF 1.3 4区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY PsyCh journal Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1002/pchj.727

Bei-Lin Le, Yi-Hang Huang, Ling-Ling Wang, Hui-Xin Hu, Xuan Wang, Yi Wang, Ya Wang, Jia Huang, Simon S Y Lui, Raymond C K Chan

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Abstract

Theory of mind (ToM) and empathy are considered key components of social cognition that are often impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, it remains unclear whether individuals with high levels of autistic traits exhibit similar impairments in these two functions. This study examined the affective and cognitive domains of ToM and empathy in individuals with high levels of autistic traits. We recruited 84 participants with high levels and 78 participants with low levels of autistic traits to complete a set of self-reported checklists and performance-based tasks capturing affective and cognitive components of ToM and empathy. The results showed that participants with high levels of autistic traits exhibited significant impairments in cognitive but not in affective ToM and empathy compared with their counterparts with low levels of autistic traits. We also found that empathy impairments in people with high levels of autistic traits were confounded by alexithymia and depressive traits.

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具有高度自闭症特征的人表现出认知能力受损，但心智理论和移情能力并未受损。

心智理论（ToM）和移情被认为是社会认知的关键组成部分，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的这两项功能通常会受到损害。然而，具有高度自闭症特征的个体是否在这两项功能上表现出类似的障碍，目前仍不清楚。本研究考察了具有高度自闭症特征的个体在情感和认知领域的 ToM 和移情能力。我们招募了 84 名自闭症特质水平较高的参与者和 78 名自闭症特质水平较低的参与者，让他们完成一套自我报告核对表和基于表现的任务，以捕捉 ToM 和移情的情感和认知成分。结果表明，与自闭症特质水平低的参与者相比，自闭症特质水平高的参与者在认知方面表现出明显的障碍，而在情感方面则没有。我们还发现，自闭症特质水平高的人的移情障碍与情感淡漠和抑郁特质相混淆。

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来源期刊

PsyCh journal PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

12.50%

发文量

109

期刊介绍： PsyCh Journal, China''s first international psychology journal, publishes peer‑reviewed research articles, research reports and integrated research reviews spanning the entire spectrum of scientific psychology and its applications. PsyCh Journal is the flagship journal of the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences – the only national psychology research institute in China – and reflects the high research standards of the nation. Launched in 2012, PsyCh Journal is devoted to the publication of advanced research exploring basic mechanisms of the human mind and behavior, and delivering scientific knowledge to enhance understanding of culture and society. Towards that broader goal, the Journal will provide a forum for academic exchange and a “knowledge bridge” between China and the World by showcasing high-quality, cutting-edge research related to the science and practice of psychology both within and outside of China. PsyCh Journal features original articles of both empirical and theoretical research in scientific psychology and interdisciplinary sciences, across all levels, from molecular, cellular and system, to individual, group and society. The Journal also publishes evaluative and integrative review papers on any significant research contribution in any area of scientific psychology