PsyCh journal最新文献

Adolescents academic success is shaped by resilience, emotion regulation, and social support, yet cross-cultural differences in these processes remain underexplored. This study investigated the latent mediating effect among psychological resilience, emotion regulation, academic self-efficacy, and perceived social support in Chinese and Ghanaian adolescents. Using multigroup structural equation modeling (MSEM) with a sample of 2000 participants, the study tested hypotheses on measurement invariance, structural associations, mediation, and moderated mediation. Results from measurement invariance tests confirmed that the constructs were comparable across groups, with good fit indices (CFI ≥ 0.90, RMSEA ≤ 0.07) supporting configural, metric, and scalar invariance. Structural path analyses revealed significant positive associations among all constructs, with effects generally stronger among Chinese adolescents. It was found that the relationship between resilience and emotion regulation was higher in China than in Ghana. Mediation analyses further indicated that emotion regulation and social support transmitted the influence of resilience on academic self-efficacy, with single mediators explaining 20%-28% of the variance and the total indirect effect accounting for 48%. Emotion regulation emerged as the strongest mediator. Moderated mediation analyses showed that these pathways were more pronounced in China (total indirect effect: B = 0.37 vs. 0.20; index = 0.17, 95% CI = [0.07, 0.29], p < 0.01), reflecting cultural emphases on emotional control, academic diligence, and structured social networks. Findings highlight the importance of considering cultural context in adolescent development research. Contextually relevant psychological and educational interventions are recommended to strengthen resilience, emotion regulation, and support systems in both China and Ghana.

This study examined how culture shapes third-party punishment and compensation in the harm domain using realistic judicial scenarios. Chinese participants showed greater engagement in both forms than American participants, with individualism-collectivism values mediating these societal differences.

Facial attractiveness is a critical factor in forming interpersonal impressions. Evaluations of facial attractiveness were previously considered universal. However, it has recently been pointed out that individuals and cultures can diversify their evaluations. This study conducted Web experiments using the facial images of Japanese and American participants to examine the effects of raters' gender, age, and culture on facial attractiveness. Experiment 1 examined the impact of gender and age on Japanese raters. Experiment 2 explored the effects of culture on Japanese and American raters. Statistical and morphometric analyses were conducted on the obtained data. The results showed significant positive correlations between attractiveness ratings across gender, age, and culture. However, the results of the geometric morphometrics revealed that several differences in preferences regarding facial contours were observed among participants by gender. Additionally, Japanese raters were more likely than American raters to emphasize raised eyebrows for faces in attractive male images, and smaller mouths for faces in attractive female images. These results suggest that the facial features driving attractiveness evaluations differ depending on gender and culture, offering detailed insights into the culturally diverse standards of facial attractiveness. This study adds to the growing understanding of how cultural and individual factors shape aesthetic preferences, questioning the notion of universal beauty, and offering a clearer framework for future cross-cultural research on facial attractiveness.

Nomophobia, social networking site (SNS) addiction, and fear of missing out (FoMO) are increasingly recognized as interrelated digital-age phenomena that pose risks to young people's mental health. However, limited research has examined how specific symptoms across these domains interact and contribute to anxiety and depression. This study aims to make a novel contribution by applying network and flow analysis to uncover the symptom-level interconnections among nomophobia, SNS addiction, FoMO, and their links to mental health outcomes. A total of 3108 college students completed validated scales measuring SNS addiction, FoMO, nomophobia, anxiety, and depression. Gaussian graphical models and centrality indices were used to estimate symptom networks. Flow networks were constructed to identify pathways connecting symptoms to mental health outcomes. Strong intranetwork associations were found within all three domains. "FoMO on information" emerged as the most central and influential bridge symptom, connecting nomophobia and SNS addiction. Flow network analysis revealed that "FoMO on information" was also the strongest individual predictor of both anxiety and depression. Other symptoms, such as "fear of losing internet connection" and "SNS-related insomnia," also showed notable associations with mental health outcomes. These findings highlight the potential of network and flow analysis to identify transdiagnostic mechanisms across digital behavioral addictions. "FoMO on information" appears to be a key symptom linking nomophobia and SNS addiction and may represent a promising target for interventions aimed at reducing comorbid anxiety and depression among adolescents.

Previous literature has overlooked the impact of environmental factors on the effectiveness of empowering leadership, and this study introduced the important boundary factor of environmental uncertainty as a moderating role, and constructed a moderated mediation model to investigate how empowering leadership influences employees' unethical pro-organizational behavior from a social exchange perspective. We collected data at three different time points and administered questionnaires to 431 employees. Hypotheses were tested in PROCESS using the bootstrapping method. The results showed that: (1) There was a positive relationship between empowering leadership and unethical pro-organizational behavior, and leader-member exchange played a mediating role in this relationship. (2) Environmental uncertainty played a moderating role between empowering leadership and leader-member exchange. With the increase of environmental uncertainty, the positive relationship between the two is weakened. This study contributes to leadership literature by integrating environmental uncertainty into the social exchange framework, highlighting its impact on leader-member exchange and unethical pro-organizational behavior, thereby offering fresh insights into leadership effectiveness in dynamic environments.

Younger and older L1 Chinese speakers differ in where they place their focus-young adults look more to the future, while older adults value the past-yet neither group faces toward the past. Instead, all L1 Chinese participants consistently adopt a future-facing perspective. When interpreting ambiguous temporal expressions, they rely on S-Time: "" ("qian", front) refers to earlier (past) moments and "" ("hou", back) to later (future) moments. This reflects a reference frame of S-Time rather than a backward orientation toward the past. In contrast, L1 English speakers prefer D-Time, mapping "front" onto the future and "back" onto the past. Together, these findings show that although age shifts temporal focus among L1 Chinese speakers, cultural and values background determines the dominant reference frames of temporal representations and cognition-S-Time for L1 Chinese speakers and D-Time for L1 English speakers.

This study aims to explore the theory of mind (ToM) status in individuals with congenital visual impairment (CVI) and identify key predictive factors. For Study 1, the false-belief task was used to assess ToM ability in children aged 7-10 years (60 with normal sight, 33 with legal blindness, and 23 with total blindness). The results showed that children with total blindness had significantly lower false-belief scores than sighted children, with those with legal blindness performing in between. In the first-order false-belief task, verbal ability only moderated differences between children with total blindness and sighted children. Meanwhile, in the second-order false-belief task, verbal ability moderated differences between children with total blindness and sighted children and between children with legal blindness and sighted children. For Study 2, the faux pas task was used to examine the roles of age, residual vision, and verbal ability in ToM development among 166 adolescents aged 7-19 years with CVI. While age and verbal ability significantly predicted ToM development, residual vision had no significant predictive effect. In conclusion, compared with sighted children, those with CVI show delayed ToM development, though children with legal blindness perform better than those with total blindness. Age and verbal ability are key predictors of ToM development in children with CVI. Thus, in the early stages of ToM development, maximizing the use of residual vision and other senses is crucial. Further, enhancing verbal abilities, such as through using mental state terms in conversations and reading literary works, can mitigate the negative impact of CVI. Finally, intervention strategies should be tailored to age characteristics.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and psychosis are traditionally considered distinct psychiatric conditions with divergent developmental trajectories, yet emerging evidence suggests they may share overlapping neurodevelopmental characteristics. This study examined whether the cognitive profile associated with co-occurring autism and first-episode psychosis (FEP) reflects additive or interactive influences of the two conditions. Neuropsychological profiles were compared across four age-, sex-, intelligence quotient-, and education level-matched groups of adolescents and young adults (n = 45; aged 13-21): individuals with co-occurring ASD and FEP (FEP-ASD), FEP without ASD (FEP-O), ASD without FEP, and non-autistic controls. The FEP-ASD group exhibited an uneven cognitive profile characterised by relative strengths in visuospatial processing and recognition memory, alongside marked impairments in information processing speed, attentional control, and working memory. This pattern resembled the ASD profile but at a lower overall performance level, consistent with the additive impact of psychosis on ASD-related cognitive characteristics. FEP-ASD participants outperformed FEP-O in recognition memory, a domain usually preserved in ASD but impaired in psychosis. These preliminary findings suggest that co-occurring ASD and psychosis may produce a cognitive profile shaped by influences from both conditions. Larger longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.

Social media fatigue negatively affects users' cognitive, emotional, and behavioral faculties. Therefore, the identification of risk factors associated with this phenomenon is essential for the development of preventative measures against social media fatigue. This study aimed to explore the relationship between fear of missing out and social media fatigue, the mediating role of information overload and perceived stress, and the moderating role of dispositional mindfulness. Adopting a longitudinal cluster sampling design, this study assessed college students using several psychometric instruments: Fear of missing out scale, information overload scale, Chinese perceived stress scale, social media fatigue scale, and mindfulness attention awareness scale. Data from 743 college students, collected and matched across three-time points, were analyzed to test the mediation and moderation effects. Findings from the study indicated that the independent and chain mediating effects of information overload and perceived stress were significant. Moreover, the negative moderating influences of dispositional mindfulness were also found to be significant. The results suggest that fear of missing out influences social media fatigue through two parallel pathways-information overload and perceived stress-and through a serial pathway involving both variables. Dispositional mindfulness can mitigate the impact of fear of missing out on information overload or perceived stress, as well as alleviate the mediating role of information overload and perceived stress. These findings provide valuable insights into social media fatigue and have significant implications for its prevention and intervention.

The moral slippery slope effect refers to the phenomenon where, within groups or organizations, the incidence of individual unethical behaviors increases and escalates over time. To systematically identify factors that drive the disappearance of this effect, three studies were conducted using a 20-round spontaneous deception task. Study 1 compared the trend of the moral slippery slope effect under accumulative versus non-accumulative pay conditions. Results indicated that the moral slippery slope effect disappeared under accumulative pay but persisted under non-accumulative pay. Studies 2 and 3 further examined the moderating role of pay satisfaction in the moral slippery slope effect, specifically under accumulative pay. Results revealed that pay satisfaction significantly moderated the relationship between experimental rounds and the moral slippery slope effect: the effect persisted when participants reported low pay satisfaction but disappeared when pay satisfaction was high. Collectively, these findings confirm two key conclusions: (1) accumulative pay is a necessary prerequisite for the disappearance of the moral slippery slope effect; (2) pay satisfaction moderates the disappearance of this effect under accumulative pay. This study provides empirical support for moral balance theory and offers practical implications for organizations: designing accumulative pay systems and aligning pay with employee expectations can effectively prevent moral decline by enhancing pay satisfaction.