Direct and indirect associations of experience of racial discrimination, dietary patterns and obesity in adults from southern Brazil.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Public Health Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1017/S1368980024000338

Marcos Fanton, Ylana Elias Rodrigues, Ilaine Schuch, Caroline Marques de Lima Cunha, Marcos Pascoal Pattussi, Raquel Canuto

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Abstract

Objective: To analyse the direct and indirect associations of experience of racial discrimination on dietary patterns (DP), obesity and abdominal obesity.

Design: This is a cross-sectional population-based study. The main exposure was self-reported experiences of racial discrimination (Experiences of Discrimination scale). The mediator variables were the DP: healthy, Brazilian traditional, sugar and carbohydrates, and fast food. The outcomes were obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 88 cm for women; ≥ 102 cm for men). Structural equation modelling was applied.

Setting: Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Participants: Totally, 400 adults aged between 20 and 70 years were participated.

Results: The mean age of participants was 47·2 years (sd = 13·9), and 75 % were women. Experiencing racial discrimination had a positive direct effect on obesity (healthy DP: β = 0·153, P < 0·05; Brazilian DP: β = 0·156, P < 0·05; sugar and carbohydrates DP: β = 0·156, P < 0·05; and fast-food DP: β = 0·153, P < 0·05) and abdominal obesity (healthy DP: β = 0·206, P < 0·01; Brazilian DP: β = 0·210, P < 0·01; sugar and carbohydrates DP: β = 0·204, P < 0·01; and fast-food DP: β = 0·204, P < 0·01). The experience of racial discrimination did not have a direct effect on DP, nor did it exert an indirect effect on obesity and abdominal obesity through any DP.

Conclusions: A higher experience of racial discrimination is associated with obesity and abdominal obesity, independent of diet.

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巴西南部成年人种族歧视经历、饮食模式和肥胖的直接和间接关联。

目的：分析种族歧视经历对饮食模式、肥胖和腹部肥胖的直接和间接影响。主要暴露因素是自我报告的种族歧视经历（歧视经历量表）。中介变量为饮食模式（DP）：健康饮食、传统巴西饮食、糖和碳水化合物以及快餐。结果为肥胖（体重指数≥30 kg/m2）和腹部肥胖（女性腰围≥88 cm；男性腰围≥102 cm）。研究采用了结构方程模型：地点：巴西阿雷格里港：结果：参与者的平均年龄为 47.2 岁（SD = 13.9），75% 为女性。结果：参与者的平均年龄为 47.2 岁（标准差 = 13.9），75% 为女性。遭受种族歧视对肥胖有积极的直接影响（健康 DP：β= 0.153，p 结论：较高的种族歧视经历与肥胖和腹型肥胖有关，与饮食无关。

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来源期刊

Public Health Nutrition 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

6.20%

发文量

521

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Public Health Nutrition provides an international peer-reviewed forum for the publication and dissemination of research and scholarship aimed at understanding the causes of, and approaches and solutions to nutrition-related public health achievements, situations and problems around the world. The journal publishes original and commissioned articles, commentaries and discussion papers for debate. The journal is of interest to epidemiologists and health promotion specialists interested in the role of nutrition in disease prevention; academics and those involved in fieldwork and the application of research to identify practical solutions to important public health problems.