The free will capacity: A uniquely human adaption.

IF 12.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY American Psychologist Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1037/amp0001296
Kennon M Sheldon
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Abstract

Herein, I characterize free will (FW) is an evolved functional capacity within the mature human mind, which provides us with numerous adaptive benefits. The FW capacity was selected for because it enables us to respond effectively to momentary contingencies, via on-the-spot deliberation. But FW also extricates us from the present moment, enabling us to generate and decide between imagined long-term futures. Based upon a compatibilist philosophical definition of FW, I present a creative process model of how the FW capacity works, the goal breakthrough model. I show that the goal breakthrough model is consistent with extant neuroscientific research on the brain networks involved in creative cognition and choice. I also show that (a) exercising one's FW is a basic psychological need, as evidenced by the fact that thwarting peoples' autonomy can be harmful, and that (b) the FW process is influenced by peoples' broad goals and narrative identities, providing a way for we conscious people to causally affect our lives and the world. Finally, I show how this framework integrates recent arguments that FW may be a uniquely human adaptation, ranging from neuroscience and cognitive to personality, social, and cultural perspectives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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自由意志能力人类独有的适应能力
在这里,我将自由意志(FW)描述为成熟人类心智中一种进化的功能能力,它为我们提供了许多适应性益处。自由意志能力之所以被选中,是因为它能让我们通过现场商议,对瞬间的突发事件做出有效反应。但是,FW 也能让我们从当下的生活中解脱出来,使我们能够在想象中的长期未来之间做出选择。基于兼容并包主义哲学对自由意志能力的定义,我提出了一个关于自由意志能力如何发挥作用的创造性过程模型,即目标突破模型。我的研究表明,目标突破模型与关于创造性认知和选择所涉及的大脑网络的现有神经科学研究是一致的。我还表明:(a) 行使一个人的自由意志是一种基本的心理需求,挫败人们的自主性可能是有害的这一事实就证明了这一点;(b) 自由意志过程受到人们广泛目标和叙事身份的影响,为我们这些有意识的人提供了一种对我们的生活和世界产生因果影响的方式。最后,我将从神经科学、认知、人格、社会和文化等角度,说明这一框架如何整合了最近关于 "自由意志 "可能是人类特有的适应性的论点。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)。
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来源期刊
American Psychologist
American Psychologist PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
18.50
自引率
1.20%
发文量
145
期刊介绍: Established in 1946, American Psychologist® is the flagship peer-reviewed scholarly journal of the American Psychological Association. It publishes high-impact papers of broad interest, including empirical reports, meta-analyses, and scholarly reviews, covering psychological science, practice, education, and policy. Articles often address issues of national and international significance within the field of psychology and its relationship to society. Published in an accessible style, contributions in American Psychologist are designed to be understood by both psychologists and the general public.
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