{"title":"An overview of NdFeB magnets recycling technologies","authors":"Muammer Kaya","doi":"10.1016/j.cogsc.2024.100884","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rare earth (RE) permanent magnets are essential components for successful green and digital transition. This paper extensively reviews the properties, recycling potential, and critical raw material state-of-the-art recycling technologies of waste permanent NdFeB magnets (containing about 15–30 wt% REE with high economic value). It also discusses different recycling techniques' fundamentals, benefits, and drawbacks, including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, electrochemistry, direct recycling, and hybrid processes. This has led to the prospecting of the future development direction of NdFeB waste recycling and the presentation of the research idea of avoiding the drawbacks of individual recycling methods through a combined process. Low energy consumption, minimal environmental risks, and a closed-loop system are suggested to be the three primary objectives of the recycling process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54228,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100884"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452223624000051","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Rare earth (RE) permanent magnets are essential components for successful green and digital transition. This paper extensively reviews the properties, recycling potential, and critical raw material state-of-the-art recycling technologies of waste permanent NdFeB magnets (containing about 15–30 wt% REE with high economic value). It also discusses different recycling techniques' fundamentals, benefits, and drawbacks, including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, electrochemistry, direct recycling, and hybrid processes. This has led to the prospecting of the future development direction of NdFeB waste recycling and the presentation of the research idea of avoiding the drawbacks of individual recycling methods through a combined process. Low energy consumption, minimal environmental risks, and a closed-loop system are suggested to be the three primary objectives of the recycling process.
期刊介绍：
The Current Opinion journals address the challenge specialists face in keeping up with the expanding information in their fields. In Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, experts present views on recent advances in a clear and readable form. The journal also provides evaluations of the most noteworthy papers, annotated by experts, from the extensive pool of original publications in Green and Sustainable Chemistry.
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