Estado actual de los requerimientos en el diseño de centros sanitarios para asegurar accesibilidad a pacientes con discapacidad

Abstract

Background and objective

People with disabilities are one of the groups that usually frequent healthcare centers, so it is essential to attend to their specific needs, especially from the point of view of universal accessibility, safety and healthcare quality.

The aim of the study is to summarize the available evidence on the needs of groups of patients with some type of disability in access, navigation and stay during the reception of healthcare in various health centers and to identify successful solutions.

Materials and methods

A scoping review had been designed, based on a literature review without time limit in three databases (PubMed, WOS, and Embase).

Results

Of the 2562 articles identified, 11 were included. Recommendations for improvement in the design of healthcare services focused on the following aspects: improving access to primary care centers; navigation, signage, and orientation in the hospital environment; elevator design; hospital room bathroom design; meeting the needs of wheelchair users; importance of the participation of the patient with a disability; involvement of stakeholders in the design process; and the need for appropriate policies to ensure accessibility to buildings.

Conclusions

The promotion of artistic programs in healthcare settings and the participation of people with disabilities in the design process of healthcare settings could provide beneficial solutions. More studies are needed, given the scarcity of evidence found, to ensure that care for this group is based on criteria of patient safety, universal accessibility, healthcare quality and humanization.