Sleep disorders in children with epilepsy

M. Furones García, J.J. García Peñas, E. González Alguacil, T. Moreno Cantero, M.L. Ruiz Falcó, V. Cantarín Extremera, V. Soto Insuga
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Abstract

Introduction

Children with epilepsy present greater prevalence of sleep disorders than the general population. Their diagnosis is essential, since epilepsy and sleep disorders have a bidirectional relationship.

Objective

Determine the incidence of sleep disorders and poor sleep habits in children with epilepsy.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients under 18 years of age with epilepsy, assessing sleep disorders using the Spanish-language version of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), and sleep habits using an original questionnaire.

Results

The sample included 153 patients. Eighty-four percent of our sample presented some type of sleep alteration. The most frequent alterations were sleep-wake transition disorders (53%), sleep initiation and maintenance disorders (47.7%), and daytime sleepiness (44.4%). In 70% of cases, the patients’ parents reported that their child “slept well,” although sleep disorders were detected in up to 75.7% of these patients. Many patients had poor sleep habits, such as using electronic devices in bed (16.3%), requiring the presence of a family member to fall asleep (39%), or co-sleeping or sharing a room (23.5% and 30.5%, respectively). Those with generalised epilepsy, refractory epilepsy, nocturnal seizures, and intellectual disability were more likely to present sleep disorders. In contrast, poor sleep habits were frequent regardless of seizure characteristics.

Conclusions

Sleep disorders and poor sleep habits are common in children with epilepsy. Their treatment can lead to an improvement in the quality of life of the patient and his/her family, as well as an improvement in the prognosis of epilepsy.

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癫痫儿童的睡眠障碍。
导言:儿童癫痫患者的睡眠障碍发病率高于普通人群。对他们进行诊断至关重要,因为癫痫和睡眠障碍有双向关系:确定癫痫儿童睡眠障碍和不良睡眠习惯的发生率:我们对 18 岁以下的癫痫患者进行了横断面研究,使用西班牙语版儿童睡眠障碍量表(SDSC)评估睡眠障碍,并使用原始问卷评估睡眠习惯:样本包括 153 名患者。结果:样本包括 153 名患者,其中 84% 的患者出现了某种类型的睡眠改变。最常见的改变是睡眠-觉醒转换障碍(53%)、睡眠启动和维持障碍(47.7%)以及白天嗜睡(44.4%)。在 70% 的病例中,患者的父母称他们的孩子 "睡得很好",但在这些患者中,有高达 75.7% 的人被发现有睡眠障碍。许多患者有不良的睡眠习惯,如在床上使用电子设备(16.3%)、需要家人陪伴才能入睡(39%)、同床共枕或共用一个房间(分别为 23.5% 和 30.5%)。患有全身性癫痫、难治性癫痫、夜间癫痫发作和智力障碍的患者更有可能出现睡眠障碍。相比之下,无论发作特征如何,不良睡眠习惯都很常见:结论:睡眠障碍和不良睡眠习惯在癫痫患儿中很常见。结论:睡眠障碍和不良睡眠习惯在儿童癫痫患者中很常见,对其进行治疗可提高患者及其家人的生活质量,并改善癫痫的预后。
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