Unlocking the potential of biochar in the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals for sustainable agriculture.

IF 2.6 4区生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES Functional Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1071/FP23257

Zubaira Maqbool, Muhammad Shahbaz Farooq, Anum Rafiq, Muhammad Uzair, Muhammad Yousuf, Muhammad Ramzan Khan, Shuhao Huo

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Abstract

Agricultural soils contaminated with heavy metals (HMs) impose a threat to the environmental and to human health. Amendment with biochar could be an eco-friendly and cost-effective option to decrease HMs in contaminated soil. This paper reviews the application of biochar as a soil amendment to immobilise HMs in contaminated soil. We discuss the technologies of its preparation, their specific properties, and effect on the bioavailability of HMs. Biochar stabilises HMs in contaminated soil, enhance the overall quality of the contaminated soil, and significantly reduce HM uptake by plants, making it an option in soil remediation for HM contamination. Biochar enhances the physical (e.g. bulk density, soil structure, water holding capacity), chemical (e.g. cation exchange capacity, pH, nutrient availability, ion exchange, complexes), and biological properties (e.g. microbial abundance, enzymatic activities) of contaminated soil. Biochar also enhances soil fertility, improves plant growth, and reduces the plant availability of HMs. Various field studies have shown that biochar application reduces the bioavailability of HMs from contaminated soil while increasing crop yield. The review highlights the positive effects of biochar by reducing HM bioavailability in contaminated soils. Future work is recommended to ensure that biochars offer a safe and sustainable solution to remediate soils contaminated with HMs.

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发掘生物炭在修复受重金属污染土壤方面的潜力，促进可持续农业。

受重金属（HMs）污染的农业土壤对环境和人类健康都构成了威胁。使用生物炭进行土壤改良是减少受污染土壤中 HMs 的一种环保且具有成本效益的选择。本文回顾了生物炭作为土壤改良剂固定受污染土壤中 HMs 的应用。我们讨论了生物炭的制备技术、具体特性以及对 HMs 生物利用率的影响。生物炭能稳定受污染土壤中的 HMs，提高受污染土壤的整体质量，并显著减少植物对 HMs 的吸收，使其成为 HM 污染土壤修复的一种选择。生物炭可提高受污染土壤的物理（如容重、土壤结构、持水能力）、化学（如阳离子交换能力、pH 值、养分可用性、离子交换、络合物）和生物特性（如微生物数量、酶活性）。生物炭还能提高土壤肥力，改善植物生长，减少植物对 HMs 的吸收。各种实地研究表明，施用生物炭可降低受污染土壤中 HMs 的生物利用率，同时提高作物产量。本综述强调了生物炭通过降低受污染土壤中的 HM 生物利用率而产生的积极影响。建议今后开展工作，确保生物炭为补救受 HMs 污染的土壤提供安全、可持续的解决方案。

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来源期刊

Functional Plant Biology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

3.30%

发文量

156

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Functional Plant Biology (formerly known as Australian Journal of Plant Physiology) publishes papers of a broad interest that advance our knowledge on mechanisms by which plants operate and interact with environment. Of specific interest are mechanisms and signal transduction pathways by which plants adapt to extreme environmental conditions such as high and low temperatures, drought, flooding, salinity, pathogens, and other major abiotic and biotic stress factors. FPB also encourages papers on emerging concepts and new tools in plant biology, and studies on the following functional areas encompassing work from the molecular through whole plant to community scale. FPB does not publish merely phenomenological observations or findings of merely applied significance. Functional Plant Biology is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science. Functional Plant Biology is published in affiliation with the Federation of European Societies of Plant Biology and in Australia, is associated with the Australian Society of Plant Scientists and the New Zealand Society of Plant Biologists.