Haules Robbins Zaniku, Emilia Connolly, Moses Banda Aron, Beatrice Lydia Matanje, Myness Kasanda Ndambo, George Complex Talama, Fabien Munyaneza, Todd Ruderman, Jamie Rylance, Luckson Wandani Dullie, Rejani Lalitha, Ndaziona Peter Kwanjo Banda, Adamson S Muula
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to pose a global public health challenge. However, literature is scarce on the burden of COPD in Malawi. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors for COPD among adults in Neno, Malawi. Methodology: We conducted a population-based analytical cross-sectional study in Neno District between December 2021 and November 2022. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, we included 525 adults aged≥ 40 years. All participants underwent spirometry according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines and were interviewed using the IMPALA questionnaire. For this study, we utilized the definition of COPD as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70. We collected data using Kobo collect, exported to Microsoft Excel, and analysed using R software. We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis; a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 525 participants, 510 participants were included in the final analysis. Fifty-eight percent of the participants were females (n=296), and 62.2% (n=317) were between 40 and 49 years with a median (IQR) age of 46 (40– 86). For patient characteristics, 15.1% (n=77) were current smokers, and 4.1% (n=21) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Cough was the most commonly reported respiratory symptom (n=249, 48.8%). The prevalence of COPD was 10.0% (n=51) and higher (15.0%) among males compared to females (6.4%). Factors significantly associated with COPD were age 60 years and above (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.48– 7.34, p< 0.004), ever smoked (aOR = 6.17, 95% CI:1.89– 18.7, p< 0.002), current smoker (aOR = 17.6, 95% CI: 8.47– 38.4, p< 0.001), and previous PTB (aOR = 4.42, 95% CI: 1.16– 15.5, p< 0.023). Conclusion: The cross-sectional prevalence of COPD in rural Malawi is high, especially among males. Factors significantly associated were older age (60 years and above), cigarette smoking, and previous PTB. Longitudinal studies are needed to better understand disease etiology and progression in this setting.
期刊介绍：
An international, peer-reviewed journal of therapeutics and pharmacology focusing on concise rapid reporting of clinical studies and reviews in COPD. Special focus will be given to the pathophysiological processes underlying the disease, intervention programs, patient focused education, and self management protocols. This journal is directed at specialists and healthcare professionals
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