D. Yu. Shvets, Z. A. Berezhneva, Kh. G. Musin, E. A. Baimukhametova, B. R. Kuluev
{"title":"rol Genes of Agrobacteria: Possible Biological Functions","authors":"D. Yu. Shvets, Z. A. Berezhneva, Kh. G. Musin, E. A. Baimukhametova, B. R. Kuluev","doi":"10.1134/s2079086423090116","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>As a result of agrobacterium-mediated transformation, the <i>rolA, rolB, rolC</i>, and <i>rolD</i> genes of <i>Agrobacterium rhizogenes</i> are integrated into plant genomes as parts of T-DNA. These genes cause abundant growth of hairy roots, and the regeneration of shoots from them causes short stature, shortening of internodes and wrinkled leaves. A sufficient number of representatives of the genera <i>Nicotiana, Linaria, Ipomoea</i>, and others in their genome contain some <i>rol</i> genes that entered them during horizontal gene transfer and were evolutionarily fixed. The conservatism of the <i>rol</i> genes of <i>A. rhizogenes</i> in naturally transgenic plants can probably be associated with the performance of important biological functions by them. The purpose of this article is to review the currently available data on the biological role of <i>rol</i> genes in hairy roots, transformed plants, and naturally transgenic plants. The results of scientific studies published to date describe the expression of <i>rol</i> genes both together and separately. It should be noted that expression has a different effect on the morphology of both plants transformed by agrobacteria and naturally transgenic species. The review presents the results of studies that have shown a positive effect of <i>rol</i> genes on secondary metabolism, the antioxidant system and plant stress resistance. The question of the possible effect of protein products of <i>rol</i> genes through the influence on the content of phytohormones or sensitivity to them is also discussed. Experimental evidence of subcellular localization of Rol proteins and enzymatic activity of Rol proteins with respect to phytohormone glucosides are described. However, these experiments did not give exhaustive answers, and, therefore, studies of the biological functions of the <i>rol</i> genes should be continued. This knowledge can be used to create transgenic and genome-edited plants that have economically valuable traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":9047,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biology Bulletin Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079086423090116","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
As a result of agrobacterium-mediated transformation, the rolA, rolB, rolC, and rolD genes of Agrobacterium rhizogenes are integrated into plant genomes as parts of T-DNA. These genes cause abundant growth of hairy roots, and the regeneration of shoots from them causes short stature, shortening of internodes and wrinkled leaves. A sufficient number of representatives of the genera Nicotiana, Linaria, Ipomoea, and others in their genome contain some rol genes that entered them during horizontal gene transfer and were evolutionarily fixed. The conservatism of the rol genes of A. rhizogenes in naturally transgenic plants can probably be associated with the performance of important biological functions by them. The purpose of this article is to review the currently available data on the biological role of rol genes in hairy roots, transformed plants, and naturally transgenic plants. The results of scientific studies published to date describe the expression of rol genes both together and separately. It should be noted that expression has a different effect on the morphology of both plants transformed by agrobacteria and naturally transgenic species. The review presents the results of studies that have shown a positive effect of rol genes on secondary metabolism, the antioxidant system and plant stress resistance. The question of the possible effect of protein products of rol genes through the influence on the content of phytohormones or sensitivity to them is also discussed. Experimental evidence of subcellular localization of Rol proteins and enzymatic activity of Rol proteins with respect to phytohormone glucosides are described. However, these experiments did not give exhaustive answers, and, therefore, studies of the biological functions of the rol genes should be continued. This knowledge can be used to create transgenic and genome-edited plants that have economically valuable traits.
摘要 通过农杆菌介导的转化，根瘤农杆菌的 rolA、rolB、rolC 和 rolD 基因作为 T-DNA 的一部分整合到植物基因组中。这些基因导致毛细根大量生长，而从毛细根再生出的嫩枝会导致身材矮小、节间缩短和叶片起皱。足够数量的烟草属、亚麻属、红苕属等代表植物的基因组中含有一些rol基因，这些基因在水平基因转移过程中进入这些植物，并在进化过程中固定下来。天然转基因植物中根瘤蚜属植物rol基因的保守性可能与这些基因发挥了重要的生物功能有关。本文的目的是回顾目前有关毛根、转化植物和天然转基因植物中 rol 基因生物学作用的可用数据。迄今为止发表的科学研究结果描述了rol 基因共同或单独表达的情况。值得注意的是，表达对农用细菌转化的植物和天然转基因物种的形态都有不同的影响。综述介绍的研究结果表明，rol 基因对次生代谢、抗氧化系统和植物抗逆性有积极影响。此外，还讨论了rol 基因的蛋白质产物可能通过影响植物激素的含量或对植物激素的敏感性而产生影响的问题。实验证明了 Rol 蛋白的亚细胞定位和 Rol 蛋白对植物激素葡糖苷的酶活性。然而，这些实验并没有给出详尽的答案，因此应继续研究 Rol 基因的生物功能。这些知识可用于创造具有经济价值性状的转基因和基因组编辑植物。
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