Heightened response to positive facial cues as a potential marker of resilience following childhood adversity.

IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY European Journal of Psychotraumatology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-06 DOI:10.1080/20008066.2024.2309783
Mattia I Gerin, Essi Viding, Louise Neil, Diana J N Armbruster-Genc, Ze Freeman, Molly Sharp, Harriet Phillips, Eamon J McCrory
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Abstract

Background: Childhood maltreatment profoundly influences social and emotional development, increasing psychiatric risk. Alterations in the implicit processing of threat-related cues following early abuse and neglect represent a marker of mental health vulnerability. Less is known about how early adversity influences the perception of positive social cues, despite their central role in establishing and maintaining social interactions and their association with better mental health outcomes.Methods: The sample consisted of 42 children and adolescents with substantiated childhood maltreatment experiences and 32 peers (mean age 13.3), matched on age, pubertal status, gender, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and cognitive ability. A computerised experimental task assessed the perceived emotional intensity of positive (happy) and negative (fearful) facial expressions. Mental health symptoms were measured via self- and parental reports, and perceived social support was self-reported.Results: The experience of abuse and neglect was associated with heightened perceived intensity of positive facial cues. Cross-sectional post-hoc moderation and mediation analyses, employing a model-building approach, revealed that in maltreatment-exposed participants: (i) their increased response to positive facial cues was associated with lower symptoms; (ii) the presence of social support accounted for their heightened perceived intensity of positive facial cues; (iii) the presence of social support putatively contributed to lower symptoms by increasing the perceived intensity of positive facial cues. No group differences in perceived intensity of negative expressions were observed.Conclusions: These findings provide fresh insight into how positive faces are processed following maltreatment experience in childhood. Maltreatment experience was found to be associated with heightened perceived intensity of happy faces, which in turn was associated with better mental health and greater levels of social support. This suggests that heightened saliency of positive emotions acts protectively in children with maltreatment experience.

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对积极面部暗示的反应增强是童年逆境后复原力的潜在标志。
背景:童年时期的虐待行为会严重影响儿童的社交和情感发育,从而增加患精神病的风险。早期遭受虐待和忽视后,对威胁相关线索的内隐处理发生了改变,这是精神健康易受攻击的一个标志。早期逆境如何影响对积极社交线索的感知,尽管这些线索在建立和维持社会交往中起着核心作用,而且与更好的心理健康结果有关,但人们对此知之甚少:样本包括 42 名有确凿童年虐待经历的儿童和青少年以及 32 名同龄人(平均年龄 13.3 岁),他们的年龄、青春期状况、性别、社会经济地位、种族和认知能力均匹配。一项计算机化的实验任务评估了积极(快乐)和消极(恐惧)面部表情的感知情绪强度。心理健康症状通过自我报告和父母报告进行测量,感知到的社会支持通过自我报告进行测量:结果:虐待和忽视的经历与积极面部暗示的感知强度增加有关。采用建立模型的方法进行的横截面事后调节和中介分析表明,遭受虐待的参与者:(i) 对积极面部暗示的反应增强与症状减轻有关;(ii) 社会支持的存在是他们对积极面部暗示感知强度增强的原因;(iii) 社会支持的存在通过增强对积极面部暗示的感知强度,可能有助于减轻症状。在消极表情的感知强度方面没有观察到任何群体差异:这些研究结果为我们提供了新的视角,让我们了解在童年时期遭受虐待后,正面表情是如何被处理的。研究发现,虐待经历与快乐面孔的感知强度增加有关,而快乐面孔的感知强度增加又与更好的心理健康和更高的社会支持水平有关。这表明,积极情绪的显著性增强对有虐待经历的儿童具有保护作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
12.00%
发文量
153
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) is a peer-reviewed open access interdisciplinary journal owned by the European Society of Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS). The European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) aims to engage scholars, clinicians and researchers in the vital issues of how to understand, prevent and treat the consequences of stress and trauma, including but not limited to, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive disorders, substance abuse, burnout, and neurobiological or physical consequences, using the latest research or clinical experience in these areas. The journal shares ESTSS’ mission to advance and disseminate scientific knowledge about traumatic stress. Papers may address individual events, repeated or chronic (complex) trauma, large scale disasters, or violence. Being open access, the European Journal of Psychotraumatology is also evidence of ESTSS’ stand on free accessibility of research publications to a wider community via the web. The European Journal of Psychotraumatology seeks to attract contributions from academics and practitioners from diverse professional backgrounds, including, but not restricted to, those in mental health, social sciences, and health and welfare services. Contributions from outside Europe are welcome. The journal welcomes original basic and clinical research articles that consolidate and expand the theoretical and professional basis of the field of traumatic stress; Review articles including meta-analyses; short communications presenting new ideas or early-stage promising research; study protocols that describe proposed or ongoing research; case reports examining a single individual or event in a real‑life context; clinical practice papers sharing experience from the clinic; letters to the Editor debating articles already published in the Journal; inaugural Lectures; conference abstracts and book reviews. Both quantitative and qualitative research is welcome.
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