Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Calcium Phosphate-Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Graft in Regeneration of Intrabony Defects: Randomized Control Trial.

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of calcium phosphate-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) composite graft in the regeneration of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis patients over a period of 12 months.

Materials and methods: A total of 11 systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients with 22 graftable sites were treated with calcium phosphate cement (CPC) bone graft (control group) and CPC-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) composite (test group) after flap reflection and debridement. Clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Bone probing depth (BPD) and radiographic parameters such as defect depth (DD), changes in alveolar crest level (ALR), defect depth reduction (DDR), and percentage in defect depth reduction (PDDR) were calculated at baseline, and 6 and 12 months. The data were recorded and statistically analyzed.

Results: On intragroup comparison, there was a significant improvement in all the parameters over a period of 1 year (clinically and radiographically). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in any of the parameters though there was a slightly higher bone fill noted in the test group.

Conclusion: Even though the CPC-PLGA composite bone graft showed a slight improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters as compared to the CPC graft, it was not statistically significant.

Clinical significance: A major drawback of Calcium Phosphate cements as bone grafts is their poor degradability. The PLGA microspheres degrade to expose macropores and interconnected pores in the graft substrate which in turn would promote the ingrowth of osteoblasts. Also, this composite graft is mouldable, and resorbable and has been shown to snugly fit into the defects making them a suitable scaffold material. How to cite this article: Ojha M, Pawar Chandrashekara Rao D, Gowda V. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Calcium Phosphate-Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Graft in Regeneration of Intrabony Defects: Randomized Control Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023;24(12):921-927.