Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice最新文献

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of digital vs traditional impression techniques on peri-implant vertical bone resorption in the creation of mandibular overdenture bases supported by four implants using CAD/CAM technology.

Materials and methods: Twenty edentulous patients were placed in four mandibular implants and randomly divided into groups: (A) the control group (CIG) (n = 10); patients obtained CAD/CAM denture base using conventional impression technique and group (B) the study (DIG) group (n = 10); patients obtained CAD/CAM denture base using digital impression technique. Peri-implant vertical bone height was measured immediately (T0), 6 (T6), and 12 (T12) months after insertion. Peri-implant vertical bone loss (VBL) was calculated first 6 months (T1), the second 6 months (T2), and 1 year (T3) after insertion.

Results: For both groups, the survival rates of inserted implants were 100%. The amount of VBL in the first year in both groups was within normal ranges. In both groups, VBL significantly decreased over time. The control group recorded significantly higher VBL than (DIG) group at T2 (p = 0.006) and at T3 (p = 0.005).

Conclusion: Digital intraoral scanning technique may be considered a more beneficial registration method than traditional impression technique for the construction of CAD/CAM 4-implant-assisted overdenture base regarding the preservation of vertical bone levels.

Clinical significance: Both digital intraoral scanners and conventional impression techniques can be used for the construction of CAD/CAM-implant-assisted overdenture bases regarding the preservation of peri-implant vertical bone resorption. How to cite this article: Seifeldeen AR, Aboelez MA, Gebreel AA, et al. Comparison of Direct Intraoral Scan and Traditional Impression for CAD/CAM Mandibular Overdenture Base: RCT on Peri-implant Marginal Bone Changes. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):527-534.

Aim and background: This systematic review examined the current literature to evaluate the fracture resistance of the tooth fragments reattached using fiber-reinforced composites (FRC).

Materials and methods: An electronic search was performed on Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify relevant articles to be included until January 2023. Articles with full text available in the English language for randomized control studies, observational studies, retrospective studies, and in vitro studies conducted on permanent human teeth were selected. The risk of bias was assessed in all studies using the OHAT tool.

Results: Out of 16 search results, seven in vitro studies with a total of 415 samples were included in the review. Three studies reported that reinforcement using rigid FRC posts improves fracture resistance of reattached anterior teeth, three studies reported that reinforcement using flexible fiber bundles enhances the fracture strength of reattached posterior teeth and one study reported that the use of flexible polyethylene fibers improves fracture resistance in molars with reattached cusps.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of the studies included in the review, there is low-quality evidence that reinforcement of reattached fragments using FRC posts or fibers improves fracture resistance.

Clinical significance: The reattached fractured fragments may be susceptible to re-fracture. The use of FRC to reinforce the resin composite used for reattachment may enhance the bond strength and increase resistance to fracture. How to cite this article: Albar NHM. Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Reattached Tooth Fragments Restored Using Fiber-reinforced Composites: A Systematic Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):605-615.

Aim: This study was done to clinically investigate the efficacy of glycyrrhizin-based intracanal medication (ICM) compared to calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)₂ and Ledermix on the bacterial counts inside the root canals of necrotic teeth with chronic periapical periodontitis.

Methodology: Thirty-six patients having single-rooted and single-canaled necrotic teeth with chronic periapical periodontitis were enrolled in this research. Aseptic control measures were taken before clinical steps. Access cavity preparation was done. First bacteriological samples (S1) were collected immediately after access cavity preparation and before cleaning and shaping inside the root canals. Cleaning and shaping were performed on the root canals. Patients were randomly allocated into 3 groups according to the type of intracanal medicament used [Ca(OH)₂, Ledermix, Glycyrrhizin]. Second bacteriological samples (S2) were collected after 1 week from placing the ICMs. S1 and S2 were transferred to the lab of microbiology for culturing on blood agar dishes in anaerobic conditions, and the bacteria on the plates were enumerated as colony-forming units (CFUs) by the manual counting method. The anti-bacterial efficacy of the ICM was estimated by the percentage reduction in the bacterial colonies from S1 to S2.

Results: All tested ICM documented a significant reduction in the CFUs from S1 to S2 (p < 0.05). Regarding S1, there was no significant difference between the three tested materials (p > 0.05). Regarding S2, Glycyrrhizin and Ledermix showed significantly lower CFUs than Ca(OH)₂. There was no significant difference between Glycyrrhizin and Ledermix.

Conclusion: Under the conditions of the present study, Glycyrrhizin and Ledermix showed comparable antimicrobial effects that were better than the commonly used Ca(OH)₂ ICM. Glycyrrhizin may be a promising ICM.

Clinical significance: Herbal medicine can be considered as an alternative antimicrobial material for root canal disinfection because it has many benefits, like low toxicity, absence of microbial resistance, and favorable antimicrobial efficacy. This study highlights the clinical efficacy of Glycyrrhizin as a promising ICM. How to cite this article: Eltantawi AR, Abdel-Razik GM, Elhawary YM, et al. Efficacy of Glycyrrhizin as an Intracanal Medicament on Bacterial Load Reduction in Primary Infected Root Canals: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):540-546.

Aim: This study was performed to evaluate the regenerative capacity of demineralized bone matrix vs fat graft, both guided by pericardium membrane in alveolar cleft model in albino rats.

Materials and methods: A total of 72 rats were required in this study. A surgical bone defect with a 7 mm length × 4 mm width × 3 mm depth was created as a model of an alveolar cleft, then the rats were divided randomly into four equal groups each group contained 18 rats: control group (defect only), the membrane group (the defect was covered by the pericardium membrane), the demineralized bone matrix (DBM) group (the defect was filled with DBM guided by pericardium membrane) and fat group (the defect was filled with a fat graft guided by the pericardium membrane). Around 6 rats from each group were euthanized after 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Skulls were scanned with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and harvested for histological evaluation with routine H&E immunohistochemical stains (Anti-osteocalcin and Anti-Wnt5a). The data was recorded and statistically analyzed by a two-way ANOVA.

Results: The study showed a notable formation of new bone, and expression of OCN and Wnt5a were notably increased by time in the fat group. However, the density of bone grafts and OCN and Wnt5a expression decreased with time in the DBM group. Control and membrane groups showed negative OCN and Wnt5a immune-reactivity in the cleft site.

Conclusion: Fat graft results were superior to DBM results with regard to mucosal closure and accelerated bone regeneration, and may represent an effective treatment for alveolar cleft reconstruction.

Clinical significance: Finding an inexpensive, accessible, biocompatible and easily manipulated treatment for craniofacial reconstruction and fat graft fulfilled the desired aims. Further investigations with prolonged evaluation periods are needed. How to cite this article: Abdel Raouf E, Elsherbini AM, Abdel Salam Yousef Y, et al. Evaluation of the Regenerative Capacity of Demineralized Bone Matrix vs Fat Graft in Alveolar Cleft Model in Albino Rats. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):554-562.

How to cite this article: Reda R, Maccari E, Bhandi S. Endodontic Ni-Ti Rotary Instruments for Glide-path, Are They Still Necessary and How to Think about the Ideal Instrument? J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):505-506. Keywords: Alloy, Endodontics, Glide Path, NiTi Rotary Instruments, Patency.

Aim: To analyze the scientific production related to the use of botulinum toxin (BTX-A) in the management of bruxism and evaluate its scope, impact, networks, and new research trends.

Materials and methods: A descriptive and retrospective study of publications indexed in Scopus from January 2018 to May 2024 was conducted. The bibliometric indicators evaluated were a number of publications, citations, h-index, SCImago Journal Rank 2022, CiteScore 2022, Lotka's Law, Bradford's Law, and keyword co-occurrence analysis. Data were processed using SciVal and VOSviewer.

Results: We obtained 98 publications, including original articles, reviews, and other types of documents. Among the most productive authors, most were from South Korea and Turkey. Wonkwang University (South Korea) had the highest number of publications, while Baylor College of Medicine (USA) had the highest impact with 66.5 citations per publication. Toxins had the highest number of publications and the best Cite Score in 2022. Six main topics related to BTX-A in bruxism were identified, highlighting "reviews," "electromyography" and "controlled clinical trials".

Conclusions: The use of BTX-A for the treatment of bruxism has generated increasing interest and scientific output in recent years, especially in South Korea and Brazil. However, there is a disparity in the productivity of authors, with most authors presenting only one publication.

Clinical significance: This study highlights the need for further research and collaborations to optimize clinical practice and better understand the efficacy and management of BTX-A for treating bruxism. How to cite this article: Villanueva-García M, Ruck-Sanchez N, Tinedo-López PL, et al. Bibliometric Analysis of Botulinum Toxin and Bruxism: Impact, Visualization, and Collaborative Networks. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):599-604.

Aim: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and treated dentin matrix (TDM) in regenerative endodontic treatment and periapical healing of nonvital immature permanent teeth with chronic apical periodontitis.

Materials and methods: Twenty-four children aged between 7 and 11 years, each presenting with a nonvital immature permanent upper central incisor, were selected. They were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 12), group I (PRF) and group II (TDM). Baseline clinical findings were recorded, and preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was taken. Follow-up was done clinically for 15 months at 3-month intervals (3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months), and CBCT was taken at the end of the 15-month follow-up. Root length, apical diameter, radiographic root area (RRA), and size of the periapical lesion were quantitively assessed at the end of follow-up period and compared to the preoperative CBCT.

Results: Clinical success was 100% in both groups by the end of the follow-up period. Radiographically, after a 15-month follow-up, there was a significant increase in root length and RRA, and there was also a significant reduction in apical diameter and lesion size within each group (p < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding the mean percentage of increase in root length and mean percentage of reduction of apical diameter (p > 0.05). On the other hand, PRF showed more increase in RRA and more reduction in lesion size, with a statistically significant difference between both groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Both PRF and TDM were clinically successful. Platelet-rich fibrin showed better radiographic outcomes and periapical healing.

Clinical significance: Platelet-rich fibrin is a viable scaffold to aid further root development and resolution of periapical lesions of nonvital immature permanent teeth. Further studies with different forms of TDM are needed to assess the efficacy of TDM in regenerative endodontic treatment of nonvital immature permanent teeth. How to cite this article: Asal MA, Elkalla IH, Awad SM, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Platelet-rich Fibrin and Treated Dentin Matrix in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment of Nonvital Immature Permanent Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):563-574.

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to assess the bonding capacity and efficacy of acrylic teeth to denture bases following two different chemical surface treatments.

Materials and methods: A two-metal mold measuring 35 mm in length and 12 mm in diameter was created specifically for the investigation in order to standardize the wax pattern-based tooth attachment at 45°. Following standard protocol, 75 wax cylinder specimens were flasked, dewaxed, and surface treatment of teeth was done as follows with 25 samples in each group-group I: control group, group II: monomethyl methacrylate monomer group, group III: acetone group. The curing process was completed following the packing of the denture base material. The samples' shear bond strength was assessed using a universal testing machine. Every sample was taken out when it fractured, and the shear load (Newton, N) was noted. The significance of the variation in applied shear load was assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc ANOVA Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test at the 5% level of significance.

Results: The maximum shear bond strength was found in the samples treated with acetone (183.21 ± 0.06) followed by samples treated with monomethyl methacrylate monomer (171.64 ± 0.12) and the control group (149.32 ± 0.04). A statistically significant difference was found between the different groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: In conclusion, according to the current study's findings, acetone chemical surface treatment of acrylic teeth produced the strongest bond when compared with the control group and monomethyl methacrylate monomer.

Clinical significance: In prosthodontic practice, artificial teeth regularly de-bond and separate from the denture base. A weak interface is produced when certain clinical conditions, such as ridge prominence, cause excessive cutting of the acrylic teeth and base. Where the denture base polymer meets the teeth's highly cross-linked matrix, it de-bonds adhesively. Therefore, the bonding between the acrylic teeth and the denture base material can be improved by the chemical surface treatment. How to cite this article: Chaudhuri NG, Lahiri B, Francis NT, et al. Evaluation of the Bond Strength of Acrylic Teeth to Denture Base after Various Chemical Surface Treatments: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):514-517.

Aim: This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a novel Bis-GMA analog, termed P-Bis-GMA, through structural modification by replacing hydroxyl (-OH) groups with phosphonooxy [-O-P(=O)(OH)₂] groups and to evaluate and compare its viscosity with Bis-GMA.

Materials and methods: Bis-GMA, triethylamine, dichloromethane, and phosphoryl chloride were utilized for the synthesis of P-Bis-GMA through phosphorylation. Fourier discerned the chemical structure of the synthesized P-Bis-GMA transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and its viscosity was assessed by rheometry in oscillatory shear mode over a frequency sweep range of 0.1-100 (ω, rad/s) at 25°C with a 25 mm parallel plate design and a 0.5 mm gap. The data was recorded and statistically analyzed.

Results: The FTIR analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of P-Bis-GMA, evidenced by the disappearance of hydroxyl (-OH) peaks and the emergence of phosphonooxy [-O-P(=O)(OH)₂] peaks in the P-Bis-GMA. Rheological testing demonstrated a notable reduction in viscosity for P-Bis-GMA (436.62 Pa.s) when compared to conventional Bis-GMA (1089.02 Pa.s), indicating improved handling characteristics.

Conclusion: P-Bis-GMA was successfully synthesized by phosphorylation reaction where the -OH groups responsible for the high viscosity in the Bis-GMA were replaced with the [-O-P(=O)(OH)₂] groups with significantly reduced viscosity.

Clinical significance: The development of P-Bis-GMA holds promise for simplifying dental procedures by reducing chairside time with uncooperative children. The P-Bis-GMA-based composites possess self-adhering properties thereby eschewing the etching and bonding procedures with reduced moisture contamination of the restoration during bonding. This ultimately leads to better clinical outcomes and improved patient experiences by reducing technical vulnerabilities. How to cite this article: Ajay R, Selvabalaji A, Muthamilselvi M, et al. Synthesis and Characterization of a Chemico-structurally Modified Bis-GMA Analog for Dental Applications. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):588-592.

Aim: The study aimed to detect and quantify bisphenol A (BPA) leaching in salivary samples of patients undergoing clear aligner therapy (CAT) using four different commercially available sheets.

Materials and methodology: Four different commercially available clear aligners namely Monoflex®, Erkodur®, Leone®, and Duran® were delivered to 20 volunteers who were grouped into (n = 5) group A, group B, group C, and group D, respectively. Salivary samples were collected immediately before aligner insertion (day 0) and at day 1, day 5, and day 7 after aligner wear. Comparisons were made between baseline (day 0) BPA levels and subsequent time points to assess the leaching kinetics of BPA from the clear aligners by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Results: The overall mean leaching of 0.74 ± 0.33 ppm at T1 (day 1) was observed among four groups of aligners, while no leaching was detected at T5 (day 5) and T7 (day 7). Among the four groups, the highest leaching of 1.24 ppm was detected from Duran at T1 followed by Monoflex (0.76 ppm), Erkodur (0.56 ppm), and Leone (0.43 ppm).

Conclusion: It can be concluded that leaching only during the first 24 hours of aligner usage was dominant compared to other time intervals. Among the aligners considered, Duran was found to be the least safe followed by Monoflex, Erkodur, and Leone.

Clinical significance: Since aligners are expanding in usage it is important to consider their biocompatibility. Even though the results indicate minimal leaching of BPA, it has a cumulative negative effect when patients undergo prolonged treatment with aligners. How to cite this article: Azhagudurai N, Rajendran R, Aishwarya K, et al. Detecting Bisphenol A Leaching from Four Different Commercially Available Clear Aligner Sheets: An Ex Vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(6):535-539.