Advances in the understanding of circRNAs that influence viral replication in host cells.

IF 5.5 3区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Medical Microbiology and Immunology Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI:10.1007/s00430-023-00784-7

Siya Wang, Xiaoyun Li, Geng Liu, Zhenyu Qiu, Jiamin Wang, Di Yang, Zilin Qiao, Zhongren Ma, Zhenbin Liu, Xiaoming Yang

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Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs discovered in recent years, which are produced by back-splicing involving the 3' and 5' ends of RNA molecules. There is increasing evidence that circRNAs have important roles in cancer, neurological diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and other diseases. In addition, host circRNAs and virus-encoded circRNAs participate in the body's immune response, with antiviral roles. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which host and viral circRNAs interact during the host immune response. Comprehensive investigations have revealed that host circRNAs function as miRNA sponges in a particular manner, primarily by inhibiting viral replication. Viral circRNAs have more diverse functions, which generally involve promoting viral replication. In addition, in contrast to circRNAs from RNA viruses, circRNAs from DNA viruses can influence host cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis, along with their effects on viral replication. In summary, circRNAs have potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets, offering a foundation for the diagnosis and treatment of viral diseases.

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进一步了解影响病毒在宿主细胞中复制的 circRNA。

环状 RNA（circRNA）是近年来发现的非编码 RNA，由 RNA 分子 3' 端和 5' 端反向剪接产生。越来越多的证据表明，circRNA 在癌症、神经系统疾病、心脑血管疾病和其他疾病中具有重要作用。此外，宿主 circRNA 和病毒编码的 circRNA 还参与机体的免疫反应，发挥抗病毒作用。本综述总结了宿主和病毒 circRNA 在宿主免疫反应中的相互作用机制。综合研究发现，宿主 circRNAs 以一种特殊的方式发挥着 miRNA 海绵的作用，主要是通过抑制病毒复制。而病毒 circRNAs 的功能则更为多样，通常包括促进病毒复制。此外，与来自 RNA 病毒的 circRNA 不同，来自 DNA 病毒的 circRNA 在影响病毒复制的同时，还能影响宿主细胞的迁移、增殖和凋亡。总之，circRNAs 具有作为诊断和治疗靶点的潜力，为病毒性疾病的诊断和治疗提供了基础。

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来源期刊

Medical Microbiology and Immunology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

10.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Medical Microbiology and Immunology (MMIM) publishes key findings on all aspects of the interrelationship between infectious agents and the immune system of their hosts. The journal´s main focus is original research work on intrinsic, innate or adaptive immune responses to viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic (protozoan and helminthic) infections and on the virulence of the respective infectious pathogens. MMIM covers basic, translational as well as clinical research in infectious diseases and infectious disease immunology. Basic research using cell cultures, organoid, and animal models are welcome, provided that the models have a clinical correlate and address a relevant medical question. The journal also considers manuscripts on the epidemiology of infectious diseases, including the emergence and epidemic spreading of pathogens and the development of resistance to anti-infective therapies, and on novel vaccines and other innovative measurements of prevention. The following categories of manuscripts will not be considered for publication in MMIM: submissions of preliminary work, of merely descriptive data sets without investigation of mechanisms or of limited global interest, manuscripts on existing or novel anti-infective compounds, which focus on pharmaceutical or pharmacological aspects of the drugs, manuscripts on existing or modified vaccines, unless they report on experimental or clinical efficacy studies or provide new immunological information on their mode of action, manuscripts on the diagnostics of infectious diseases, unless they offer a novel concept to solve a pending diagnostic problem, case reports or case series, unless they are embedded in a study that focuses on the anti-infectious immune response and/or on the virulence of a pathogen.