Navigating climate change in southern India: A study on dynamic dry-wet patterns and urgent policy interventions

Abstract

This study investigates the evolving dry-wet climate patterns in southern India during 2020–2023, focusing on the impact of climate change. Spanning all 30 districts of Tamil Nadu, our analysis employs the HadGEM3-GC31-LL climate model, projecting a significant increase in humidity levels from 2021 to 2100. Key findings reveal consistently higher post-monsoon aridity indices compared to the monsoon season, exceeding 0.65 and raising concerns about potential flash floods. Regions most affected include Kanniyakumari, Nilgiris, Chennai and others. To address these challenges, the study recommends urgent policy interventions, emphasizing water conservation through initiatives like farm pond construction. Tailored policies are crucial to shield farmers and dairy producers from economic fallout, with an emphasis on integrating indigenous knowledge for effective climate change adaptation. In summary, this research highlights the need for immediate action, advocating for comprehensive strategies such as water conservation and tailored policies to enhance resilience and mitigate the impact of climate change in the studied regions.