Like a summer storm: Biothermodynamic analysis of Rotavirus A - Empirical formula, biosynthesis reaction and driving force of virus multiplication and antigen-receptor binding

Abstract

For thousands of years, medicine has made efforts to study and heal infectious diseases. For centuries, medicine and biology have attempted to study the mechanisms of development of infectious diseases. For 100 years, virology has tried to understand and describe different viruses and reveal the secrets of pathophysiology of infections. Several decades ago, the efforts of biomedical scientists were joined by chemists. Since then viruses have been explored not only as biological systems, but also as chemical systems. With the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, biothermodynamics has made its contribution to the research on driving forces and mechanisms of lifecycles of viruses, the virus-host interaction. Since then, viruses have been analyzed as biological, chemical and thermodynamic systems. After reporting of chemical and thermodynamic properties of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, Mpox, West Nile virus and bacteriophages, this paper reports for the first time the empirical formulas (unit carbon formulas) of Rotavirus A, as well as its thermodynamic properties of virus-host interaction at the membrane (antigen-receptor binding) and virus-host interaction in the cytoplasm (virus multiplication). The virus-host interactions are essentially chemical reactions, the driving force of which is Gibbs energy (of binding and biosynthesis).