Factors contributing to the diagnosis and onset prediction of perennial allergic rhinitis in high-risk children: A sub-analysis of the CHIBA study

IF 6.2 2区 医学 Q1 ALLERGY Allergology International Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI:10.1016/j.alit.2024.01.012
Syuji Yonekura , Yoshitaka Okamoto , Fumiya Yamaide , Taiji Nakano , Kiyomi Hirano , Urara Funakoshi , Sawako Hamasaki , Tomohisa Iinuma , Toyoyuki Hanazawa , Naoki Shimojo
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Abstract

Background

This study aimed to clarify the diagnostic and predictive factors for perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) onset in children by analyzing the results of the Chiba High-risk Birth Cohort for Allergy study, which examined newborns with a family history of allergies.

Methods

Overall, 306 pregnant women were recruited. Their newborns were examined by otolaryngologists and pediatric allergists at 1, 2, and 5 years of age. Participants with clinical and laboratory data available at all consultation points were considered eligible.

Results

Among 187 eligible participants, the prevalence rates of PAR were 2.1%, 4.3%, and 24.1% at 1, 2, and 5 years of age, respectively. AR-specific nasal local findings and eosinophils in nasal smear were observed in a substantial number of patients with PAR at 1 and 2 years of age. Factors present up to 2 years of age that were associated with PAR onset at 5 years of age, in descending order, were as follows: sensitization to house dust mites (HDM), nasal eosinophilia, and sensitization to cat dander. In 44 cases with HDM sensitization, nasal eosinophilia up to 2 years of age achieved a sensitivity of 76.0% and a specificity of 73.7% for predicting PAR onset at 5 years.

Conclusions

Rhinitis findings and nasal eosinophilia are useful auxiliary diagnostic items for pediatric PAR. Sensitization to HDM and nasal eosinophilia were the most influential factors associated with future PAR onset. A combination of these factors may facilitate the prediction of PAR onset.

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高危儿童常年性过敏性鼻炎的诊断和发病预测因素:CHIBA研究的子分析。
研究背景本研究旨在通过分析千叶过敏症高危出生队列研究的结果,明确儿童常年性过敏性鼻炎(PAR)发病的诊断和预测因素:方法:共招募了 306 名孕妇。方法:共招募了 306 名孕妇,她们的新生儿在 1 岁、2 岁和 5 岁时接受了耳鼻喉科医生和儿科过敏症医生的检查。在所有就诊时间点均有临床和实验室数据的参与者均被视为符合条件:在 187 名符合条件的参与者中,1、2 和 5 岁时 PAR 的发病率分别为 2.1%、4.3% 和 24.1%。相当多的 PAR 患者在 1 岁和 2 岁时出现 AR 特异性鼻局部症状,鼻涂片中出现嗜酸性粒细胞。2 岁前出现的与 5 岁时 PAR 发病相关的因素按降序排列如下:对屋尘螨(HDM)过敏、鼻腔嗜酸性粒细胞增多和对猫皮屑过敏。在 44 例对房屋尘螨(HDM)过敏的病例中,2 岁以下鼻腔嗜酸性粒细胞增多对预测 5 岁时 PAR 发病的敏感性为 76.0%,特异性为 73.7%:结论:鼻炎结果和鼻腔嗜酸性粒细胞增多是小儿 PAR 的有用辅助诊断项目。对HDM过敏和鼻腔嗜酸性粒细胞增多是与未来PAR发病相关的最有影响力的因素。这些因素的结合可能有助于预测 PAR 的发病。
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来源期刊
Allergology International
Allergology International ALLERGY-IMMUNOLOGY
CiteScore
12.60
自引率
5.90%
发文量
96
审稿时长
29 weeks
期刊介绍: Allergology International is the official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology and publishes original papers dealing with the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of allergic and related diseases. Papers may include the study of methods of controlling allergic reactions, human and animal models of hypersensitivity and other aspects of basic and applied clinical allergy in its broadest sense. The Journal aims to encourage the international exchange of results and encourages authors from all countries to submit papers in the following three categories: Original Articles, Review Articles, and Letters to the Editor.
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