Challenges Faced by Mothers With Visual Impairment From the Preconception Period Through the Postpartum Period

Abstract

Introduction

There is a misperception in society that individuals with visual impairment are asexual and cannot marry, have children, or take care of children. In addition, individuals with visual impairment face difficulties in many aspects of life due to accessibility issues. Although it is expected that visually impaired individuals experience difficulties when having children, very few studies have focused on understanding the challenges women with visual impairment face in the process of having children. The aim of this study was to identify the challenges faced by mothers with visual impairment from preconception through the postpartum period in Turkey.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 17 mothers with visual impairment. Participants were from 28 to 38 years of age, and their youngest children were 2 years old or younger. Participants were asked about their experiences with the decision to have children, pregnancy, birth, and postpartum. Content analysis was used to analyze and present the data.

Results

Participants had 1 to 3 children and a mean age of 32.4 years. Eleven themes were identified within 4 periods: preconception, pregnancy, birth, and postpartum. Themes related to the experience of the preconceptional period included concern about the decision to have a child and the social pressure on the decision to have a child. Themes related to the experience of pregnancy included inaccessible pregnancy tests, emotional reactions to pregnancy, dissatisfaction with health care providers, and unmet expectations. Themes related to labor and birth included mixed feelings about labor dissatisfaction with health care providers and unmet expectations. Themes related to the postpartum period included personal care, infant care, reaction of the social network, and unmet expectations.

Discussion

The mothers with visual impairment faced many challenges in the process of becoming a parent. Mothers expressed the need for accessible health services from institutions and health professionals.