Speaking Truth to Power: Toward a Forensic Anthropology of Advocacy and Activism

Humans Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI:10.3390/humans4010005
Donovan M. Adams, Juliette R. Bedard, Samantha H. Blatt, Eman Faisal, Jesse R. Goliath, Grace Gregory-Alcock, Ariel Gruenthal‐Rankin, Patricia N. Morales Morales Lorenzo, Ashley C. Smith, S. Tallman, Rylan Tegtmeyer Tegtmeyer Hawke, Hannah Whitelaw
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Abstract

Over the years, the field of forensic anthropology has become more diverse, bringing unique perspectives to a previously homogeneous field. This diversification has been accompanied by recognizing the need for advocacy and activism in an effort to support the communities we serve: marginalized communities that are often overrepresented in the forensic population. As such, forensic anthropologists see the downstream effects of colonialism, white supremacy, inequitable policies, racism, poverty, homophobia, transphobia, gun violence, and misogyny. Some argue that advocacy and activism have no place in forensic anthropological praxis. The counterarguments for engaging in advocacy and activism uphold white, heterosexual, cisgender, and ableist privilege by arguing that perceived objectivity and unbiased perspectives are more important than personally biasing experiences and positionality that supposedly jeopardize the science and expert testimony. Advocacy and activism, however, are not new to the practice of anthropology. Whether through sociocultural anthropology, archaeology, or other areas of biological anthropology, activism and advocacy play an important role, using both the scientific method and community engagement. Using a North American approach, we detail the scope of the issues, address how advocacy and activism are perceived in the wider discipline of anthropology, and define ways in which advocacy and activism can be utilized more broadly in the areas of casework, research, and education.
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对权力说真话:迈向宣传和行动主义的法证人类学
多年来,法医人类学领域变得更加多元化,为以前单一的领域带来了独特的视角。在实现多元化的同时,我们也认识到有必要开展宣传和行动,努力为我们所服务的群体提供支持:这些边缘化群体在法医人群中的比例往往过高。因此,法医人类学家看到了殖民主义、白人至上主义、不公平政策、种族主义、贫困、仇视同性恋、仇视变性者、枪支暴力和厌女症的下游影响。有些人认为,宣传和行动主义在法医人类学实践中没有一席之地。参与宣传和行动主义的反驳论点维护了白人、异性恋、顺式性别和能力主义的特权,认为被认为的客观性和无偏见的观点比个人的偏见经历和立场更重要,而个人的偏见经历和立场可能会危及科学和专家证词。然而,倡导和行动主义并不是人类学实践的新内容。无论是通过社会文化人类学、考古学,还是生物人类学的其他领域,行动主义和宣传都在利用科学方法和社区参与发挥着重要作用。我们采用北美的方法,详细介绍了这些问题的范围,探讨了在更广泛的人类学学科中如何看待倡导和行动主义,并确定了在个案工作、研究和教育领域更广泛地利用倡导和行动主义的方法。
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