Repeated exposure to body-related memories in women with high body-related self-disgust: Impact on disgust, avoidance, and acceptance

IF 4.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI:10.1016/j.brat.2024.104496
Paula von Spreckelsen , Ineke Wessel , Klaske A. Glashouwer , Peter J. de Jong
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Abstract

Disgust-based body image concerns can bias autobiographical memory towards the recall and avoidant processing of disgust-related memories of the own body. Repeated exposure to such memories may help breaking avoidance and promote the habituation of disgust, thereby lowering body concerns. Using a pre-post within-participant experimental design, we tested if repeatedly exposing women with high self-disgust (N = 61) to disgust-focused body memories vs. neutral memories led to changes in disgust, body acceptance, and reactive avoidance. Contrary to expectations, state disgust towards the body itself only decreased following exposure to neutral memories. Yet, disgust elicited by body-related memories decreased following both repeated exposure to neutral and body memories. Although acceptance was not found to significantly change in either exposure session, pre-post decreases in state disgust were associated with increases in acceptance following the disgust-focused exposure. In contrast to expectations, reactive avoidance increased from pre to post in the disgust-focused exposure. Overall, the results indicate that repeated exposure to disgust-focused body memories may help reduce disgust elicited by these memories and promote body acceptance. Yet, the effect of this repeated exposure to body memories did not extend to changing state disgust towards the body, possibly due to reactive avoidance.

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身体相关记忆对身体相关自我厌恶程度高的女性的重复暴露:对厌恶、回避和接受的影响
基于厌恶的身体形象担忧会使自传体记忆偏向于回忆和回避处理与自身身体厌恶相关的记忆。反复接触这类记忆可能有助于打破回避,促进厌恶的习惯化,从而降低对身体的担忧。我们采用了前后期参与者内实验设计,测试了让自我厌恶程度高的女性(61 人)反复接触以厌恶为重点的身体记忆与中性记忆是否会导致厌恶、身体接受度和反应性回避的变化。与预期相反的是,在接触中性记忆后,对身体本身的厌恶状态只会降低。然而,在反复接触中性记忆和身体记忆后,身体相关记忆引起的厌恶感都会降低。虽然在这两个暴露环节中,接受度都没有发生显著变化,但在以厌恶为重点的暴露后,状态厌恶感的降低与接受度的提高相关联。与预期不同的是,在以厌恶为重点的暴露中,反应性回避从暴露前到暴露后都有所增加。总之,研究结果表明,重复暴露于以厌恶为焦点的身体记忆可能有助于减少由这些记忆引起的厌恶感,并促进对身体的接受。然而,这种重复暴露于身体记忆的效果并没有扩展到改变对身体的厌恶状态,这可能是由于反应性回避造成的。
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来源期刊
Behaviour Research and Therapy
Behaviour Research and Therapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
7.30%
发文量
148
期刊介绍: The major focus of Behaviour Research and Therapy is an experimental psychopathology approach to understanding emotional and behavioral disorders and their prevention and treatment, using cognitive, behavioral, and psychophysiological (including neural) methods and models. This includes laboratory-based experimental studies with healthy, at risk and subclinical individuals that inform clinical application as well as studies with clinically severe samples. The following types of submissions are encouraged: theoretical reviews of mechanisms that contribute to psychopathology and that offer new treatment targets; tests of novel, mechanistically focused psychological interventions, especially ones that include theory-driven or experimentally-derived predictors, moderators and mediators; and innovations in dissemination and implementation of evidence-based practices into clinical practice in psychology and associated fields, especially those that target underlying mechanisms or focus on novel approaches to treatment delivery. In addition to traditional psychological disorders, the scope of the journal includes behavioural medicine (e.g., chronic pain). The journal will not consider manuscripts dealing primarily with measurement, psychometric analyses, and personality assessment.
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