Deficits in the pupillary response associated with abnormal visuospatial attention allocation in mild traumatic brain injury.

IF 1.8 4区 心理学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-18 DOI:10.1080/13803395.2024.2314727
Mohammed M Alnawmasi, Sieu K Khuu
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Abstract

Introduction: The ability to allocate visual attention is known to be impaired in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). In the present study, we investigated a possible neural correlate of this cognitive deficit by examining the pupil response of patients with mTBI whilst performing a modified Posner visual search task.

Method: Two experiments were conducted in which the target location was either not cued (Experiment 1) or cued (Experiment 2). Additionally, in Experiment 2, the type of cue (endogenous vs exogenous cue) and cue validity were treated as independent variables. In both experiments, search efficiency was varied by changing shape similarity between target and distractor patterns. The reaction time required to judge whether the target was present or absent and pupil dilation metrics, particularly the pupil dilation latency (PDL) and amplitude (PDA), were measured. Thirteen patients with chronic mTBI and 21 age-, sex-, and IQ -matched controls participated in the study.

Results: In Experiment 1, patients with mTBI displayed a similar PDA for both efficient and inefficient search conditions, while control participants had a significantly larger PDA in inefficient search conditions compared to efficient search conditions. As cognitive load is positively correlated with PDA, our findings suggest that mTBI patients were unable to apply more mental effort whilst performing visual search, particularly if the task is difficult when visual search is inefficient. In Experiment 2, when the target location was cued, patients with mTBI displayed no significant pupil dilation response to the target regardless of the efficiency of the search, nor whether the cue was valid or invalid. These results contrasted with control participants, who were additionally sensitive to the validity of the cue in which PDA was smaller for cue-valid conditions than invalid conditions, particularly for efficient search conditions.

Conclusion: Pupillometry provided further evidence of attention allocation deficits following mTBI.

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与轻度脑外伤视觉空间注意力分配异常相关的瞳孔反应缺陷。
简介众所周知,轻度脑外伤(mTBI)患者的视觉注意力分配能力会受到损害。在本研究中,我们通过检测轻度脑损伤患者在执行改良的波斯纳视觉搜索任务时的瞳孔反应,研究了这种认知缺陷可能与神经有关:方法:进行了两次实验,目标位置要么没有提示(实验1),要么有提示(实验2)。此外,在实验 2 中,线索类型(内源性线索与外源性线索)和线索有效性被视为自变量。在这两项实验中,搜索效率都是通过改变目标图案和分心图案之间的形状相似度来改变的。实验还测量了判断目标是否存在所需的反应时间和瞳孔放大指标,特别是瞳孔放大潜伏期(PDL)和振幅(PDA)。13 名慢性 mTBI 患者和 21 名年龄、性别和智商相匹配的对照组参加了研究:在实验 1 中,mTBI 患者在高效和低效搜索条件下显示出相似的 PDA,而对照组参与者在低效搜索条件下的 PDA 明显大于高效搜索条件下的 PDA。由于认知负荷与PDA呈正相关,我们的研究结果表明,mTBI患者在进行视觉搜索时无法付出更多的脑力,尤其是在视觉搜索效率低下时,如果任务难度较大,则更是如此。在实验 2 中,当目标位置被提示时,无论搜索效率如何,也无论提示是有效还是无效,mTBI 患者对目标都没有表现出明显的瞳孔放大反应。这些结果与对照组受试者形成了鲜明对比,对照组受试者对线索的有效性更为敏感,在线索有效的条件下,瞳孔放大反应小于无效条件下,尤其是在高效搜索条件下:瞳孔测量法进一步证明了mTBI后的注意力分配缺陷。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
4.50%
发文量
52
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology ( JCEN) publishes research on the neuropsychological consequences of brain disease, disorders, and dysfunction, and aims to promote the integration of theories, methods, and research findings in clinical and experimental neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of JCEN is to publish original empirical research pertaining to brain-behavior relationships and neuropsychological manifestations of brain disease. Theoretical and methodological papers, critical reviews of content areas, and theoretically-relevant case studies are also welcome.
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