Brief overview on Bacteriophage therapy; Alternative to Antibiotics

Rameen Atique, Hafiza Arshi Saeed, Bushra Anwar, Tehreem Rana, Ayesha Haidar, Ayesha Muazzam, Areesha Naveed, Javeria Sharif, Aqsa Perveen, Hafiza Rida Fatima, Abdul Samad
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Abstract

The term bacteriophage means killer or eater of bacteria. They were initially discovered by F.W. Twort and later on, Felix d'Herelle unveiled them to the world in 1910. Phage therapy has arisen as a favorable option to conventional antibiotics by reducing the multinational problem of increasing antibacterial resistance. These virulent viruses particularly prey on and contaminate bacterial strains and aid in fighting bacterial diseases. Researchers are performing various clinical trials on the bacteriophage to tackle pathogenic bacterial infections, varying from typical illnesses to highly invulnerable biofilms that cannot be treated with antibiotics. The primary experiments demonstrated that phage therapy has fewer consequences than traditional antimicrobial drugs. It is safer to use and show results within a few days. Although phage therapy has a wide range of promising results, but it also encounters diverse obstacles. One is that they are host-specific and can merely be used for personalized therapy. As thousands of bacteria can cause disease, clinicians have to construct a library of phage viruses. For successful treatment, an analysis of versatility, stability, and immune interference related to bacteriophage is necessary. Phage therapy is an excellent substitute for antibiotics as it illustrates a living base for the treatment of infections and it is climate-friendly. It only targets the pathogenic cells and has less influence on the normal microbiota. Regardless of the challenges and problems, phage therapy is approved as a beneficial approach to combating contagious infections.
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噬菌体疗法简介;抗生素的替代疗法
噬菌体一词的意思是细菌的杀手或食者。噬菌体最初是由 F.W. Twort 发现的,后来 Felix d'Herelle 于 1910 年将其公诸于世。噬菌体疗法的出现减少了抗菌药耐药性不断增强的跨国问题,是传统抗生素的有利选择。噬菌体病毒尤其能捕食和污染细菌菌株,帮助对抗细菌性疾病。研究人员正在对噬菌体进行各种临床试验,以应对病原性细菌感染,包括从典型疾病到无法用抗生素治疗的高致病性生物膜。主要实验证明,噬菌体疗法比传统抗菌药物的后果更少。虽然噬菌体疗法取得了一系列令人鼓舞的成果,但它也遇到了各种各样的障碍。其一,噬菌体具有宿主特异性,只能用于个性化治疗。由于可以致病的细菌成千上万,临床医生必须构建一个噬菌体病毒库。为了成功治疗,有必要对噬菌体的多功能性、稳定性和免疫干扰进行分析。噬菌体疗法是抗生素的绝佳替代品,因为它为治疗感染提供了一个有生命的基础,而且对气候无害。它只针对病原细胞,对正常微生物群的影响较小。无论存在哪些挑战和问题,噬菌体疗法都被认为是抗击传染性感染的有益方法。
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