Distinct but related abilities for visual and haptic object recognition.

IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI:10.3758/s13423-024-02471-x
Jason K Chow, Thomas J Palmeri, Isabel Gauthier
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Abstract

People vary in their ability to recognize objects visually. Individual differences for matching and recognizing objects visually is supported by a domain-general ability capturing common variance across different tasks (e.g., Richler et al., Psychological Review, 126, 226-251, 2019). Behavioral (e.g., Cooke et al., Neuropsychologia, 45, 484-495, 2007) and neural evidence (e.g., Amedi, Cerebral Cortex, 12, 1202-1212, 2002) suggest overlapping mechanisms in the processing of visual and haptic information in the service of object recognition, but it is unclear whether such group-average results generalize to individual differences. Psychometrically validated measures are required, which have been lacking in the haptic modality. We investigate whether object recognition ability is specific to vision or extends to haptics using psychometric measures we have developed. We use multiple visual and haptic tests with different objects and different formats to measure domain-general visual and haptic abilities and to test for relations across them. We measured object recognition abilities using two visual tests and four haptic tests (two each for two kinds of haptic exploration) in 97 participants. Partial correlation and confirmatory factor analyses converge to support the existence of a domain-general haptic object recognition ability that is moderately correlated with domain-general visual object recognition ability. Visual and haptic abilities share about 25% of their variance, supporting the existence of a multisensory domain-general ability while leaving a substantial amount of residual variance for modality-specific abilities. These results extend our understanding of the structure of object recognition abilities; while there are mechanisms that may generalize across categories, tasks, and modalities, there are still other mechanisms that are distinct between modalities.

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视觉和触觉识别物体的能力各不相同,但又相互关联。
人们视觉识别物体的能力各不相同。视觉匹配和识别物体的个体差异得到了领域通用能力的支持,这种能力捕捉了不同任务中的共同差异(例如,Richler 等人,《心理学评论》,126, 226-251, 2019 年)。行为学证据(如 Cooke 等人,Neuropsychologia, 45, 484-495, 2007 年)和神经学证据(如 Amedi,Cerebral Cortex, 12, 1202-1212, 2002 年)表明,视觉和触觉信息的处理机制在物体识别过程中存在重叠,但目前还不清楚这种群体平均结果是否能概括个体差异。我们需要经过心理测量验证的测量方法,而在触觉模式中一直缺乏这种方法。我们使用自己开发的心理测量方法来研究物体识别能力是视觉特有的,还是触觉延伸出来的。我们使用不同对象和不同形式的多种视觉和触觉测试来测量领域通用的视觉和触觉能力,并测试它们之间的关系。我们使用两个视觉测试和四个触觉测试(两种触觉探索各两个)来测量 97 名参与者的物体识别能力。局部相关分析和确认性因子分析都支持存在一种领域通用的触觉物体识别能力,这种能力与领域通用的视觉物体识别能力呈中度相关。视觉能力和触觉能力共享约 25% 的方差,这支持了多感官领域通用能力的存在,同时为特定模式能力留下了大量的残差。这些结果扩展了我们对物体识别能力结构的理解;虽然有一些机制可以在不同类别、任务和模式之间通用,但仍有一些机制在不同模式之间存在差异。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
2.90%
发文量
165
期刊介绍: The journal provides coverage spanning a broad spectrum of topics in all areas of experimental psychology. The journal is primarily dedicated to the publication of theory and review articles and brief reports of outstanding experimental work. Areas of coverage include cognitive psychology broadly construed, including but not limited to action, perception, & attention, language, learning & memory, reasoning & decision making, and social cognition. We welcome submissions that approach these issues from a variety of perspectives such as behavioral measurements, comparative psychology, development, evolutionary psychology, genetics, neuroscience, and quantitative/computational modeling. We particularly encourage integrative research that crosses traditional content and methodological boundaries.
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