Keeping Your Brain in Balance: Homeostatic Regulation of Network Function

IF 12.1 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Annual review of neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI:10.1146/annurev-neuro-092523-110001
Wei Wen, Gina G. Turrigiano
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Abstract

To perform computations with the efficiency necessary for animal survival, neocortical microcircuits must be capable of reconfiguring in response to experience, while carefully regulating excitatory and inhibitory connectivity to maintain stable function. This dynamic fine-tuning is accomplished through a rich array of cellular homeostatic plasticity mechanisms that stabilize important cellular and network features such as firing rates, information flow, and sensory tuning properties. Further, these functional network properties can be stabilized by different forms of homeostatic plasticity, including mechanisms that target excitatory or inhibitory synapses, or that regulate intrinsic neuronal excitability. Here we discuss which aspects of neocortical circuit function are under homeostatic control, how this homeostasis is realized on the cellular and molecular levels, and the pathological consequences when circuit homeostasis is impaired. A remaining challenge is to elucidate how these diverse homeostatic mechanisms cooperate within complex circuits to enable them to be both flexible and stable.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Neuroscience, Volume 47 is July 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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保持大脑平衡:网络功能的平衡调节
为了以动物生存所需的效率进行计算,新皮层微电路必须能够根据经验重新配置,同时仔细调节兴奋和抑制连接以保持功能稳定。这种动态微调是通过一系列丰富的细胞同态可塑性机制实现的,这些机制能稳定重要的细胞和网络特征,如发射率、信息流和感觉调谐特性。此外,这些功能性网络特性可以通过不同形式的同态可塑性得到稳定,包括针对兴奋性或抑制性突触的机制,或调节神经元内在兴奋性的机制。在此,我们将讨论新皮层回路功能的哪些方面受到同源性控制,这种同源性是如何在细胞和分子水平上实现的,以及回路同源性受损时的病理后果。余下的挑战是阐明这些不同的平衡机制如何在复杂的回路中合作,使它们既灵活又稳定。《神经科学年评》第 47 卷的最终在线出版日期预计为 2024 年 7 月。修订后的预计日期请参见 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Annual review of neuroscience
Annual review of neuroscience 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
25.30
自引率
0.70%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Neuroscience is a well-established and comprehensive journal in the field of neuroscience, with a rich history and a commitment to open access and scholarly communication. The journal has been in publication since 1978, providing a long-standing source of authoritative reviews in neuroscience. The Annual Review of Neuroscience encompasses a wide range of topics within neuroscience, including but not limited to: Molecular and cellular neuroscience, Neurogenetics, Developmental neuroscience, Neural plasticity and repair, Systems neuroscience, Cognitive neuroscience, Behavioral neuroscience, Neurobiology of disease. Occasionally, the journal also features reviews on the history of neuroscience and ethical considerations within the field.
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