Comparison of Heavy Metals in Urine Samples of Smoker and Non-smoker Persons.

IF 3.6 3区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Biological Trace Element Research Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI:10.1007/s12011-024-04097-5

Abdulhussein A Alkufi, Mohanad H Oleiwi, Ali Abid Abojassim

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Abstract

In this study, the concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) in the two groups of cigarette smokers and non-smokers in five age range groups were measured. Heavy metal concentrations were collected in participants' urine samples and analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that the concentrations of these metals in the urine of smokers were higher than in non-smoker subjects. The mean concentration of Cd, Cr, and Pb for smokers were 1.188 ± 0.931, 1.929 ± 0.940, and 0.069 ± 0.023, respectively, while the mean concentration of Cd, Cr, and Pb for non-smokers were 0.151 ± 0.165, 0.203 ± 0.218, and 0.037 ± 0.030, respectively. The results revealed statistically significant differences when comparing the samples of smokers to the control group in all heavy metals in the present study. Also, the results revealed statistically significant differences in Cd, Cr, and Pb when comparing the samples of smokers to age groups. The trend of metals in urine samples in two groups (smokers and non-smokers) is as follows: Cd > Cr > Pb. The concentration of Cd, Cr, and Pb in all samples of the present study was higher than the biological limit, according to ACGIH. Therefore, Cd, Cr, and Pb were the most critical metals accumulated in the urine of cigarette smokers.

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吸烟者与非吸烟者尿液样本中重金属的比较。

本研究测量了五个年龄段的两组吸烟者和非吸烟者体内镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）和铅（Pb）等重金属的浓度。研究人员收集了参与者尿液样本中的重金属浓度，并使用原子吸收分光光度法（AAS）进行了分析。结果显示，吸烟者尿液中的重金属浓度高于非吸烟者。吸烟者尿液中镉、铬和铅的平均浓度分别为 1.188 ± 0.931、1.929 ± 0.940 和 0.069 ± 0.023，而非吸烟者尿液中镉、铬和铅的平均浓度分别为 0.151 ± 0.165、0.203 ± 0.218 和 0.037 ± 0.030。在本研究中，吸烟者样本与对照组样本在所有重金属含量上的比较结果显示出统计学上的显著差异。此外，在将吸烟者样本与年龄组样本进行比较时，结果显示镉、铬和铅在统计学上存在显著差异。两组（吸烟者和非吸烟者）尿样中金属含量的变化趋势如下：镉 > 铬 > 铅：镉 > 铬 > 铅。本研究中所有样本中的镉、铬和铅浓度均高于 ACGIH 规定的生物限值。因此，镉、铬和铅是吸烟者尿液中积累的最重要的金属。

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来源期刊

Biological Trace Element Research 生物-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

10.30%

发文量

459

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Biological Trace Element Research provides a much-needed central forum for the emergent, interdisciplinary field of research on the biological, environmental, and biomedical roles of trace elements. Rather than confine itself to biochemistry, the journal emphasizes the integrative aspects of trace metal research in all appropriate fields, publishing human and animal nutritional studies devoted to the fundamental chemistry and biochemistry at issue as well as to the elucidation of the relevant aspects of preventive medicine, epidemiology, clinical chemistry, agriculture, endocrinology, animal science, pharmacology, microbiology, toxicology, virology, marine biology, sensory physiology, developmental biology, and related fields.