Association between overweight/obesity perception, actual body weight and cardiometabolic risk among healthy Ghanaian adults

IF 1.9 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Human Nutrition and Metabolism Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI:10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200253
Abdul-Malik Bawah , Annan Reginald A , Haadi Abdul-Rahman
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Abstract

Background

The global rise in obesity, particularly among black Africans in developing nations experiencing nutritional transitions, underscores the importance of exploring Overweight/Obesity Perception (OP) as a crucial factor in maintaining an optimal body weight. Incorrect body image perception may impede efforts to achieve the desired body weight, leading to adverse outcomes related to Cardiometabolic Diseases (CMD). This cross-sectional study investigated the interplay between overweight/obesity perception, actual body weight, and CMD risk in a cohort of healthy Ghanaian adults.

Methods

A total of 302 apparently healthy adults, aged 25–60 years, with Dagomba ancestry, were recruited from three communities. Participants were screened based on age, ancestry, history of communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD), and use of antidiabetic, lipid-lowering, and antihypertensive drugs. Anthropometric assessments and blood sample collections for biochemical analysis were conducted. Body image perception was measured using the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale (SFRS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, correlation analysis, logistic regression, and multivariate analysis.

Results

Participants had a mean age of 38.28 ± 10.88, with 61.6% being women. While 47% accurately perceived their body weight, 53% had incorrect perceptions. Notably, 47.2% underestimated and 8.5% overestimated their weight status. Among overweight individuals, 33% underestimated and 9.4% overestimated their weight, whereas among the obese, 66.7% and 33.3% respectively had inaccurate perceptions. Gender, serum triglyceride levels, and waist circumference were significantly associated with weight perception. About 55% of overweight/obese participants and 62.1% with high waist circumference did not express a desire to lose weight. Multiple logistic regression revealed that both overweight (AOR = 6, 95% CI (1.8–20.2), p < 0.05) and obesity (AOR = 20.5, 95% CI (5–84.9), p < 0.05) significantly increased the odds of CMD.

Conclusion

The findings underscore the association between overweight/obesity and an elevated risk of CMD. This emphasizes the imperative for public health interventions aimed at promoting an ideal body weight and highlighting the impact of overweight/obesity on CMD risk factors.

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加纳健康成年人对超重/肥胖的认知、实际体重与心脏代谢风险之间的关系
背景肥胖症在全球范围内呈上升趋势,尤其是在经历营养转型的发展中国家的非洲黑人中,这凸显了探讨超重/肥胖感知(OP)作为保持最佳体重的关键因素的重要性。不正确的身体形象认知可能会阻碍实现理想体重的努力,从而导致与心脏代谢疾病(CMD)相关的不良后果。这项横断面研究调查了加纳健康成年人队列中超重/肥胖认知、实际体重和 CMD 风险之间的相互作用。根据年龄、血统、传染病和非传染性疾病(NCD)病史以及抗糖尿病、降血脂和降血压药物的使用情况对参与者进行筛选。此外,还进行了人体测量评估和血液样本采集以进行生化分析。身体形象感知采用斯通卡德体型评定量表(SFRS)进行测量。采用描述性统计、卡方检验、相关分析、逻辑回归和多变量分析对数据进行了分析。47%的人对自己的体重感知准确,53%的人感知错误。值得注意的是,47.2%的人低估了自己的体重状况,8.5%的人高估了自己的体重状况。在超重者中,33%的人低估了自己的体重,9.4%的人高估了自己的体重,而在肥胖者中,分别有66.7%和33.3%的人对自己的体重认知不准确。性别、血清甘油三酯水平和腰围与体重感知显著相关。约 55% 的超重/肥胖参与者和 62.1% 的高腰围者没有表达过减肥的愿望。多重逻辑回归显示,超重(AOR = 6,95% CI (1.8-20.2),p < 0.05)和肥胖(AOR = 20.5,95% CI (5-84.9),p < 0.05)都会明显增加患慢性阻塞性肺病的几率。研究结果强调了超重/肥胖与慢性阻塞性肺病风险升高之间的关系,这就强调了必须采取公共卫生干预措施,以促进理想体重,并强调超重/肥胖对慢性阻塞性肺病风险因素的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Human Nutrition and Metabolism
Human Nutrition and Metabolism Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
30
审稿时长
188 days
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