Scientific Advances and Weather Services of the China Meteorological Administration’s National Forecasting Systems during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics

IF 6.5 2区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Advances in Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI:10.1007/s00376-023-3206-3

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Abstract

Since the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was the first Winter Olympics in history held in continental winter monsoon climate conditions across complex terrain areas, there is a deficiency of relevant research, operational techniques, and experience. This made providing meteorological services for this event particularly challenging. The China Meteorological Administration (CMA) Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre, achieved breakthroughs in research on short- and medium-term deterministic and ensemble numerical predictions. Several key technologies crucial for precise winter weather services during the Winter Olympics were developed. A comprehensive framework, known as the Operational System for High-Precision Weather Forecasting for the Winter Olympics, was established. Some of these advancements represent the highest level of capabilities currently available in China. The meteorological service provided to the Beijing 2022 Games also exceeded previous Winter Olympic Games in both variety and quality. This included achievements such as the “100-meter level, minute level” downscaled spatiotemporal resolution and forecasts spanning 1 to 15 days. Around 30 new technologies and over 60 kinds of products that align with the requirements of the Winter Olympics Organizing Committee were developed, and many of these techniques have since been integrated into the CMA’s operational national forecasting systems.

These accomplishments were facilitated by a dedicated weather forecasting and research initiative, in conjunction with the preexisting real-time operational forecasting systems of the CMA. This program represents one of the five subprograms of the WMO’s high-impact weather forecasting demonstration project (SMART2022), and is also a part of their Regional Association (RA) II Research Development Project (Hangzhou RDP). Therefore, the research accomplishments and meteorological service experiences from this program will be carried forward into forthcoming high-impact weather forecasting activities. This article provides an overview and assessment of this program and the operational national forecasting systems.

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中国气象局国家预报系统在北京 2022 年冬奥会期间的科学进步与气象服务

摘要由于北京 2022 年冬奥会是历史上首次在复杂地形区大陆性冬季季风气候条件下举办的冬奥会，相关研究、运行技术和经验都存在不足。因此，为此次冬奥会提供气象服务尤其具有挑战性。中国气象局地球系统建模与预报中心在中短期确定性和集合数值预报研究方面取得了突破性进展。开发了几项对冬奥会期间精确冬季气象服务至关重要的关键技术。建立了一个名为 "冬奥会高精度天气预报业务系统 "的综合框架。其中一些先进技术代表了中国目前的最高能力水平。为北京 2022 年冬奥会提供的气象服务在种类和质量上也超过了往届冬奥会。其中包括 "百米级、分钟级 "降尺度时空分辨率和 1 至 15 天预报等成果。开发了约 30 项新技术和 60 多种符合冬奥组委要求的产品，其中许多技术已纳入中国气象局的国家业务预报系统。这些成就得益于一项专门的天气预报和研究计划，以及中国气象局现有的实时业务预报系统。该计划是世界气象组织高影响天气预报示范项目（SMART2022）的五个子项目之一，也是其区域协会（RA）II 研究发展项目（杭州 RDP）的一部分。因此，该项目所取得的研究成果和气象服务经验将延续到即将开展的高影响天气预报活动中。本文将对该项目和国家预报业务系统进行概述和评估。

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来源期刊

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 地学-气象与大气科学

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

5.20%

发文量

154

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, launched in 1984, aims to rapidly publish original scientific papers on the dynamics, physics and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean. It covers the latest achievements and developments in the atmospheric sciences, including marine meteorology and meteorology-associated geophysics, as well as the theoretical and practical aspects of these disciplines. Papers on weather systems, numerical weather prediction, climate dynamics and variability, satellite meteorology, remote sensing, air chemistry and the boundary layer, clouds and weather modification, can be found in the journal. Papers describing the application of new mathematics or new instruments are also collected here.