Effects of elevated CO2 concentration gradients on rice grain quality under two cultivation practices in cold region

IF 2.2 4区农林科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Cereal Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI:10.1002/cche.10769

Yuting Li, Yi Liu, Feng Xie, Xue Han, Yongxiang Feng

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Abstract

Background and Objectives

The effect of elevated atmospheric CO₂ (eCO₂) on rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain quality has been widely studied, but mostly under two contrasting levels of CO₂ concentration. Our study was conducted in a new version of CO₂ Gradient Tunnel (CGT) to study the responses of grain quality of japonica rice cv. Wuyoudao no.4 (WYD4) and Songjing no.9 (SJ9) to five CO₂ concentrations (390–600 μmol·mol⁻¹) gradient levels at two cultivation practices: traditional flooding (TF) and non-flooded plastic film mulching (PM).

Findings

The results showed that the response of SJ9 to eCO₂ was more pronounced under TF cultivation. When the CO₂ concentration increased to 450 μmol·mol⁻¹, the brown rice ratio and milled rice ratio of SJ9 decreased by 4.2% and 17.7%, respectively. However, when CO₂ concentration increased to 600 μmol·mol⁻¹, the brown rice ratio increased by 3.7%. These results reveal that different gradients of eCO₂ have different effects on rice quality. Besides that, eCO₂ decreased the nutritional quality of SJ9 by decreasing the protein content and amylose content, while eCO₂ improved rice appearance and eating quality. Different from SJ9, when CO₂ concentration increased to 500–600 μmol·mol^–1, the milled rice ratio and head rice ratio of WYD4 increased by 5.9%–7.5% and 16.7%–19.5% under PM cultivation. Furthermore, eCO₂ decreased the chalky grain rate or chalkiness by 34.5%–80.5% and 53.1%–77.1%, respectively.

Conclusions

Under PM cultivation, the rice milling quality and appearance quality of WYD4 were promoted by eCO₂. Rice nutritional quality was significantly decreased in both cultivation practices. In the comparison of rice quality between the two cultivations, except for rice eating quality, the other grain quality parameters of SJ9 under PM cultivation were better than those under TF cultivation. The opposite was true for WYD4.

Significance and Novelty

Under future production conditions with eCO₂, the high-yielding SJ9 cultivar is more suitable for water-saving cultivation with mulching film, while the high-quality WYD4 is suitable for TF cultivation.

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高浓度二氧化碳梯度对寒冷地区两种种植方式下稻米品质的影响

背景与目的：升高的大气 CO2（eCO2）对水稻（Oryza sativa L.）谷粒品质的影响已被广泛研究，但大多是在两种对比水平的 CO2 浓度下进行的。我们的研究是在新版二氧化碳梯度隧道（CGT）中进行的，目的是研究粳稻品种 "五优稻 4 号 "的谷粒品质响应。研究结果表明，在传统水淹（TF）和非水淹塑料薄膜覆盖（PM）两种栽培方式下，SJ9 对 eCO2 的响应更为明显。当二氧化碳浓度增加到 450 μmol-mol-1 时，SJ9 的糙米率和碾米率分别下降了 4.2% 和 17.7%。然而，当二氧化碳浓度增加到 600 μmol-mol-1 时，糙米比率增加了 3.7%。这些结果表明，不同梯度的二氧化碳对稻米品质有不同的影响。此外，eCO2 会降低蛋白质含量和直链淀粉含量，从而降低 SJ9 的营养品质，而 eCO2 则会改善大米的外观和食用品质。与 SJ9 不同的是，当二氧化碳浓度增加到 500-600 μmol-mol-1 时，在 PM 栽培条件下，WYD4 的碾米率和头米率分别提高了 5.9%-7.5% 和 16.7%-19.5%。结论在 PM 栽培条件下，eCO2 促进了 WYD4 的碾米质量和外观质量。在这两种栽培模式下，大米的营养品质明显下降。在两种栽培方式的稻米品质比较中，除食味品质外，永磁栽培下 SJ9 的其他谷物品质指标均优于 TF 栽培下的 SJ9。意义和新颖性在未来的 eCO2 生产条件下，高产的 SJ9 品种更适合地膜覆盖节水栽培，而优质的 WYD4 则适合 TF 栽培。

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来源期刊

Cereal Chemistry 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

8.30%

发文量

110

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Cereal Chemistry publishes high-quality papers reporting novel research and significant conceptual advances in genetics, biotechnology, composition, processing, and utilization of cereal grains (barley, maize, millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum, triticale, and wheat), pulses (beans, lentils, peas, etc.), oilseeds, and specialty crops (amaranth, flax, quinoa, etc.). Papers advancing grain science in relation to health, nutrition, pet and animal food, and safety, along with new methodologies, instrumentation, and analysis relating to these areas are welcome, as are research notes and topical review papers. The journal generally does not accept papers that focus on nongrain ingredients, technology of a commercial or proprietary nature, or that confirm previous research without extending knowledge. Papers that describe product development should include discussion of underlying theoretical principles.