Biomodeling of mixed origin fatty liver disease

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The main examples of liver pathology of metabolic and toxic origin are non-alcoholic, alcoholic fatty liver disease and fatty degeneration of mixed origin. Currently, due to the lack of a clear understanding of the causes and pathogenesis of hepatopathy of non-infectious origin, there are no effective methods for the prevention and treatment of these conditions. A key role in studying the etiology and mechanisms of pathogenesis is played by the search for adequate experimental models of liver failure. AIM: To develop, test and evaluate an experimental model of mixed fatty liver disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 30 male albino gray Wistar rats. Experimental rats, weighing 180–200 grams at the time of inclusion in the experiment, received granulated rodent food weighing 20 grams daily for 30 days, to which 6 g of crystalline fructose was introduced (at the rate of 30% of the total diet), and instead of drinking 10% ethyl alcohol solution was given freely available in the drinking bowl. RESULTS: In experimental group, there was a statistically significant increase in the level of aspartate aminotransferase, alanylaminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, which confirms the development of cytolytic and cholestatic syndromes. Autopsy liver specimens showed a histological picture of fatty degeneration of hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS: To achieve this goal, a method was developed for modeling fatty liver of mixed origin. A high-carbohydrate and ethanol-rich diet led to the rapid development of pathological processes in the liver. The study demonstrated the feasibility of a detailed morphological study of the liver, taking into account medical history, laboratory indicators of cytolytic and cholestatic syndromes for the differential diagnosis of fatty liver of various etiologies.