Changes in Sulak River Plume Parameters after Mudflows in the Mountains of Dagestan

IF 0.6 4区物理与天体物理 Q4 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Cosmic Research Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI:10.1134/s0010952523700594

O. Yu. Lavrova, K. R. Nazirova, Ya. O. Alferyeva, D. M. Soloviev, E. V. Zhuk

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Abstract

Measurements of Sulak River plume parameters in the Caspian Sea conducted from June 2 to 7, 2023, concurrently with satellite survey allowed tracing changes in water turbidity (WT) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration in the near-mouth zone after the arrival of mudflow masses into the sea. Heavy rains in the mountains of Dagestan on May 31, 2023, caused mudflows, which entered, in particular, the Sulak River. Two days later, on June 2, mud masses, together with river water, flowed into the Caspian Sea. In the near-mouth zone, WT values exceeded 1000 NTU, which was beyond the allowable threshold of a portable turbidimeter employed for turbidity measurements. On June 2, 4, 5 and 7, quasi-synchronously with satellite imaging, measurements were conducted from a small boat using various oceanographic equipment. They were accompanied with water sampling for further determination of SPM concentration and mineral composition. The linear dependence revealed between WT and SPM concentration made it possible to calculate WT that could not be measured in situ: it amounted to 1247 NTU at SPM concentration of 1097.4 g/m³. Satellite data were used to compile WT maps using the Dogliotti 2015 algorithm. The results of satellite observations and in situ measurements showed that, within 2 days, WT and SPM concentration at the nearest to the river mouth station dropped sixfold and continued to decrease to the average values for this area in early June. Determined by X-ray phase analysis, the mineral composition of suspended solids on the day of mudflow arrival into the sea was represented mainly by clay minerals, their content reaching 75%. Later, by June 7, the mineral composition returned to the average values and the content of clay minerals did not exceed 44%.

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达吉斯坦山区泥石流后苏莱克河水流参数的变化

摘要 2023 年 6 月 2 日至 7 日，在卫星勘测的同时对里海苏莱克河羽流参数进行了测量，从而追踪了泥流块入海后近口区水浊度（WT）和悬浮颗粒物（SPM）浓度的变化。2023 年 5 月 31 日，达吉斯坦山区的暴雨引发了泥石流，泥石流尤其进入了苏拉克河。两天后，即 6 月 2 日，泥块与河水一起流入里海。在近河口区域，浊度值超过 1000 NTU，超出了用于测量浊度的便携式浊度计的允许范围。6 月 2 日、4 日、5 日和 7 日，利用各种海洋学设备，从一艘小船上进行了测量，与卫星成像基本同步。同时还进行了水样采集，以进一步测定 SPM 的浓度和矿物成分。根据 WT 与 SPM 浓度之间的线性关系，可以计算出无法就地测量的 WT：当 SPM 浓度为 1097.4 克/立方米时，WT 为 1247 NTU。卫星数据被用于使用 Dogliotti 2015 算法绘制 WT 图。卫星观测和现场测量结果表明，2 天内，离河口站最近的 WT 和 SPM 浓度下降了 6 倍，并持续下降至 6 月初该地区的平均值。通过 X 射线相分析测定，泥石流入海当天的悬浮固体矿物成分主要是粘土矿物，含量达到 75%。之后，到 6 月 7 日，矿物成分恢复到平均值，粘土矿物含量不超过 44%。

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来源期刊

Cosmic Research 地学天文-工程：宇航

CiteScore

1.10

自引率

33.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Cosmic Research publishes scientific papers covering all subjects of space science and technology, including the following: ballistics, flight dynamics of the Earth’s artificial satellites and automatic interplanetary stations; problems of transatmospheric descent; design and structure of spacecraft and scientific research instrumentation; life support systems and radiation safety of manned spacecrafts; exploration of the Earth from Space; exploration of near space; exploration of the Sun, planets, secondary planets, and interplanetary medium; exploration of stars, nebulae, interstellar medium, galaxies, and quasars from spacecraft; and various astrophysical problems related to space exploration. A chronicle of scientific events and other notices concerning the main topics of the journal are also presented.