Cultural attitudes and human pressure towards vultures around the Comoé National Park, Côte d'Ivoire (West Africa).

IF 2.9 2区 医学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI:10.1186/s13002-024-00657-0
Asso Armel Asso, N'golo Abdoulaye Koné, Volker Salewski
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Abstract

Background: Populations of vultures in Africa have experienced a rapid decline over recent decades, with some species suffering losses of more than 90%. Various forms of human pressures have been identified as the causes of this decline. However, very little is known about the complex interaction between cultural practises, traditional medicine and the vultures' natural environment. The purpose of this study was to analyse human pressures on vultures in relation with cultural attitudes such as their demand for magico-traditional medicine in Côte d'Ivoire, around the Comoé National Park (CNP), one of the last major refuges of these organisms in West Africa.

Methods: Eleven surrounding villages were visited to carry out ethno-ornithology surveys. One hundred and ten people were interviewed, at a rate of ten people per village, using a semi-structured questionnaire and informal discussions.

Results: The findings showed that vultures are still being seen both in and around the CNP. The most common species indicated to be observed and indicated by the interviewees were the Hooded Vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) and the White-headed Vulture (Trigonoceps occipitalis). Nevertheless, 98.2% of the interviewees indicated having observed a decrease in the abundance of vultures over the last few years in the study area, as well as a decline in the number of sightings of these organisms. Interviewees attributed this scarcity of vultures to (1) the limited availability of food resources, (2) pesticide and tobacco poisoning, (3) hunting, (4) rapid population growth, (5) annual bushfires and (6) habitat loss. The uses of the vulture or parts of vultures by the populations surrounding the CNP (traditional medicine, mystic practises, consumption as food, cultural heritage) were also highlighted as real threats to these organisms. And the vulture parts commonly used in this area are: feathers, legs, head, heart, stomach, brain and excrement. The Hooded Vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) appears to be the most sought-after species and the most widely used for these practises in the study area.

Conclusion: Appropriate conservation and communication initiatives are required to ensure the survival of these raptors, crucial for ecosystem well-being, while also ensuring a respect of cultural practises.

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科特迪瓦科莫埃国家公园(西非)周围的文化态度和人类对秃鹫的压力。
背景:近几十年来,非洲的秃鹫数量急剧下降,一些物种的损失超过 90%。各种形式的人类压力被认为是导致数量下降的原因。然而,人们对文化习俗、传统医药和秃鹫自然环境之间复杂的相互作用知之甚少。本研究的目的是分析人类对秃鹫的压力与文化态度的关系,如秃鹫对科特迪瓦科莫埃国家公园(CNP)周围的神奇传统医药的需求,科莫埃国家公园是西非秃鹫最后的主要栖息地之一:方法:走访了周边 11 个村庄,开展民族鸟类学调查。采用半结构化问卷和非正式讨论的方式对 110 人进行了访谈,每个村庄访谈 10 人:结果:调查结果显示,在中国国家公园及其周边地区仍能看到秃鹫。受访者表示观察到的最常见物种是帽鹫(Necrosyrtes monachus)和白头鹫(Trigonoceps occipitalis)。尽管如此,98.2%的受访者表示,在过去几年中,他们观察到研究区域内秃鹫的数量有所减少,目击到这些生物的次数也有所下降。受访者将秃鹫数量减少的原因归结为:(1) 食物资源有限;(2) 农药和烟草中毒;(3) 狩猎;(4) 人口快速增长;(5) 每年的丛林火灾;(6) 栖息地丧失。国家公园周边居民对秃鹫或秃鹫部分的使用(传统医药、神秘习俗、作为食物食用、文化遗产)也被强调为对这些生物的真正威胁。该地区常用的秃鹫器官包括:羽毛、腿、头、心、胃、脑和排泄物。在研究地区,帽鹫(Necrosyrtes monachus)似乎是最受欢迎的物种,也是最广泛用于这些做法的物种:结论:需要采取适当的保护和交流措施,以确保这些对生态系统至关重要的猛禽的生存,同时确保尊重文化习俗。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
16.70%
发文量
66
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine publishes original research focusing on cultural perceptions of nature and of human and animal health. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine invites research articles, reviews and commentaries concerning the investigations of the inextricable links between human societies and nature, food, and health. Specifically, the journal covers the following topics: ethnobotany, ethnomycology, ethnozoology, ethnoecology (including ethnopedology), ethnogastronomy, ethnomedicine, ethnoveterinary, as well as all related areas in environmental, nutritional, and medical anthropology. Research focusing on the implications that the inclusion of humanistic, cultural, and social dimensions have in understanding the biological word is also welcome, as well as its potential projections in public health-centred, nutritional, and environmental policies.
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