Rui Martiniano, Marc Haber, Mohamed A Almarri, Valeria Mattiangeli, Mirte C M Kuijpers, Berenice Chamel, Emily M Breslin, Judith Littleton, Salman Almahari, Fatima Aloraifi, Daniel G Bradley, Pierre Lombard, Richard Durbin
{"title":"Ancient genomes illuminate Eastern Arabian population history and adaptation against malaria.","authors":"Rui Martiniano, Marc Haber, Mohamed A Almarri, Valeria Mattiangeli, Mirte C M Kuijpers, Berenice Chamel, Emily M Breslin, Judith Littleton, Salman Almahari, Fatima Aloraifi, Daniel G Bradley, Pierre Lombard, Richard Durbin","doi":"10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100507","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The harsh climate of Arabia has posed challenges in generating ancient DNA from the region, hindering the direct examination of ancient genomes for understanding the demographic processes that shaped Arabian populations. In this study, we report whole-genome sequence data obtained from four Tylos-period individuals from Bahrain. Their genetic ancestry can be modeled as a mixture of sources from ancient Anatolia, Levant, and Iran/Caucasus, with variation between individuals suggesting population heterogeneity in Bahrain before the onset of Islam. We identify the G6PD Mediterranean mutation associated with malaria resistance in three out of four ancient Bahraini samples and estimate that it rose in frequency in Eastern Arabia from 5 to 6 kya onward, around the time agriculture appeared in the region. Our study characterizes the genetic composition of ancient Arabians, shedding light on the population history of Bahrain and demonstrating the feasibility of studies of ancient DNA in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":72539,"journal":{"name":"Cell genomics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":11.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10943591/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cell genomics","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100507","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/2/27 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CELL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The harsh climate of Arabia has posed challenges in generating ancient DNA from the region, hindering the direct examination of ancient genomes for understanding the demographic processes that shaped Arabian populations. In this study, we report whole-genome sequence data obtained from four Tylos-period individuals from Bahrain. Their genetic ancestry can be modeled as a mixture of sources from ancient Anatolia, Levant, and Iran/Caucasus, with variation between individuals suggesting population heterogeneity in Bahrain before the onset of Islam. We identify the G6PD Mediterranean mutation associated with malaria resistance in three out of four ancient Bahraini samples and estimate that it rose in frequency in Eastern Arabia from 5 to 6 kya onward, around the time agriculture appeared in the region. Our study characterizes the genetic composition of ancient Arabians, shedding light on the population history of Bahrain and demonstrating the feasibility of studies of ancient DNA in the region.
阿拉伯地区严酷的气候给从该地区获取古代 DNA 带来了挑战,阻碍了对古代基因组的直接研究,从而无法了解阿拉伯人口的形成过程。在这项研究中,我们报告了从巴林的四个泰罗斯时期个体获得的全基因组序列数据。他们的遗传祖先可以被模拟为来自古代安纳托利亚、黎凡特和伊朗/高加索地区的混血儿,个体之间的差异表明在伊斯兰教兴起之前巴林的人口具有异质性。我们在四份古代巴林样本中的三份中发现了与疟疾抗性相关的 G6PD 地中海突变,并估计该突变在阿拉伯东部的频率从 5-6 千年前开始上升,大约在该地区出现农业的时候。我们的研究描述了古代阿拉伯人的遗传组成特征,揭示了巴林的人口历史,并证明了在该地区研究古代 DNA 的可行性。