Evaluation of the State of the Blood-Retinal Barrier during the Development of Signs of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in OXYS Rats

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI:10.3103/s0096392523700098
D. V. Telegina, D. A. Peunov, T. A. Kozlova, N. G. Kolosova, O. S. Kozhevnikova
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Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that is becoming the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in people over 55 years of age. The development of the wet form of AMD is associated with impaired permeability of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). It was believed that the BRB does not change in the dry form of the disease, but it was recently shown that dysfunction of the BRB may also contribute to its development; however, information about the state of the BRB at different stages of AMD, especially preclinical ones, is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the possible contribution of changes in BRB permeability to the development of signs of AMD in OXYS rats, a model of the dry form of the disease. During the period when clinical signs of AMD in OXYS rats are absent (age 20 days) and during their manifestation (~5 months) and progression (at 12 and 18 months), the permeability of the BRB for Evans blue dye and the retinal contents of the tight junction proteins occludin, claudin-5, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were assessed. Wistar rats of the same age served as controls. In OXYS rats, a decrease in the permeability of the BRB was detected, which may result in a violation of the trophic supply of the retina as well as an increase in the level of occludin during the progression of signs of AMD. ZO-1 level decreased with age, but no interstrain differences were detected. Analysis of retinal transcriptomes (RNA-seq data) showed that changes in the expression of genes included (according to KEGG) in the category of tight junctions are maximum in the period from 20 days to 3 months in rats of both strains. In OXYS rats, the mRNA levels of the Dlg1, Cd1d1, Map3k5, and Arhgef2 genes at the age of 3 months and the Crb3, F11r, Cgn, Cd1d1, and Rap2c genes at the age of 18 months are different compared to Wistar rats. Such changes in gene expression in the retina of OXYS rats as AMD signs develop indicate the activation of compensatory mechanisms.

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评估 OXYS 大鼠老年性黄斑变性迹象发展过程中的血网膜屏障状况
摘要 与年龄相关的黄斑变性(AMD)是一种多因素神经退行性疾病,正在成为 55 岁以上人群视力不可逆转丧失的主要原因。湿性黄斑变性的发生与血液-视网膜屏障(BRB)的通透性受损有关。一般认为,干性视网膜病变时血流-视网膜屏障不会发生变化,但最近的研究表明,血流-视网膜屏障的功能障碍也可能导致干性视网膜病变的发生;然而,有关血流-视网膜屏障在老年性黄斑变性不同阶段(尤其是临床前阶段)的状态的信息非常有限。本研究的目的是评估BRB通透性的变化对OXYS大鼠(一种干性AMD模型)AMD症状发展的可能影响。在 OXYS 大鼠没有出现老年性视网膜病变临床症状期间(20 天大)、症状显现期间(约 5 个月)和进展期间(12 个月和 18 个月),评估了 BRB 对伊文思蓝染料的通透性以及视网膜紧密连接蛋白闭塞素、闭塞素-5 和闭塞带-1(ZO-1)的含量。同龄的 Wistar 大鼠作为对照组。在 OXYS 大鼠中检测到 BRB 的通透性下降,这可能会导致视网膜的营养供应受到破坏,以及在老年性黄斑变性症状发展过程中闭塞蛋白水平的升高。ZO-1的水平随着年龄的增长而下降,但未发现不同品系之间存在差异。视网膜转录组(RNA-seq 数据)分析表明,两个品系的大鼠在 20 天到 3 个月期间,紧密连接类基因(根据 KEGG)的表达变化最大。与 Wistar 大鼠相比,OXYS 大鼠 3 个月大时 Dlg1、Cd1d1、Map3k5 和 Arhgef2 基因的 mRNA 水平,以及 18 个月大时 Crb3、F11r、Cgn、Cd1d1 和 Rap2c 基因的 mRNA 水平都有所不同。随着 AMD 病征的发展,OXYS 大鼠视网膜中基因表达的这种变化表明代偿机制已经启动。
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来源期刊
Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin
Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
期刊介绍: Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin  is forum for research in all important areas of modern biology. It publishes original work on qualitative, analytical and experimental aspects of research. The scope of articles to be considered includes plant biology, zoology, ecology, evolutionary biology, biophysics, genetics, genomics, proteomics, molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, endocrinology, immunology, physiology, pharmacology, neuroscience, gerontology, developmental biology, bioinformatics, bioengineering, virology, and microbiology.
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